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1. 发明授权

US08760148B1 Pulse modulated PIM measurement instrument 有权
标题翻译：脉冲调制PIM测量仪器
公开(公告)号：US08760148B1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-24
申请号：US12840986
申请日：2010-07-21
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： G01R23/14 , G01R7/00 , G05F1/613 , G05F1/00
CPC分类号： H04B3/46
摘要： A device to measure a passive intermodulation (PIM) creating component is provided that uses minimal average power. For a PIM measurement, two separate signals F1 and F2 are generated to simulate signals, such as from two different types of cell phone operating bands being transmitted in the same area or two different transmit frequencies within one cell phone operating band. PIMs are measured to assure interference is not created on one of the cell phone bands. Minimal power is used by connecting pulse width modulators (PWM) to provide DC power to the high power amplifiers (HPA) creating the signals F1 and F2. By controlling the duty cycle of the PWM to limit ON time of the HPAs to approximately 10%, significant average power savings occur. Size is also reduced with reduced power consumption because heat sinks and other cooling components are not required.
摘要翻译：提供了一种测量无源互调（PIM）创建组件的设备，其使用最小的平均功率。对于PIM测量，产生两个单独的信号F1和F2以模拟信号，例如来自在一个蜂窝电话操作频带内在相同区域或两个不同发射频率中发射的两种不同类型的蜂窝电话操作频带。测量PIM以确保在其中一个蜂窝电话频带上不产生干扰。通过连接脉宽调制器（PWM）来为高功率放大器（HPA）提供直流电源，创建信号F1和F2，可使用最小功率。通过控制PWM的占空比将HPA的接通时间限制在大约10％，显着平均节电。尺寸也因降低功耗而降低，因为不需要散热器和其他冷却组件。

2. 发明授权

US07872467B2 Miniature RF calibrator utilizing multiple power levels 有权
标题翻译：微型RF校准器利用多种功率级别
公开(公告)号：US07872467B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-18
申请号：US12707899
申请日：2010-02-18
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： G01R23/165
CPC分类号： H03L1/022
摘要： A small light-weight battery operated calibrator device provides a precise sine wave output for use in calibration of test equipment, such as a RF Power Meter or a Spectrum Analyzer. The calibration device includes two power levels, one −40 dBm and one 0 dBm. The purpose of the two power levels is to obtain a slope and offset for correction of the RF power measuring device being calibrated. Operation indication LED lights are provided to indicate which of the two powers are in use, and if battery power is below acceptable levels. Miniature low power components including a crystal oscillator and a divide by 2 integrated circuit that generates a precise square wave and a low pass filter for converting the square wave into a precise sine wave allows the calibrator to be battery operated and stored as a calibration component.
摘要翻译：小型轻巧的电池校准器设备提供精确的正弦波输出，用于校准测试设备，如RF功率计或频谱分析仪。校准装置包括两个功率电平，一个-40 dBm和一个0 dBm。两个功率电平的目的是获得正在校准的RF功率测量装置的校正的斜率和偏移。提供操作指示LED指示灯，以指示两个电源中的哪一个正在使用，以及电池电量是否低于可接受的水平。包括晶体振荡器和产生精确方波的2个集成电路的微型低功率组件和用于将方波转换成精确的正弦波的低通滤波器允许校准器被电池操作并存储为校准组件。

3. 发明申请

US20100141238A1 MINIATURE RF CALIBRATOR UTILIZING MULTIPLE POWER LEVELS 有权
标题翻译：微型RF校准器利用多个功率电平
公开(公告)号：US20100141238A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-10
申请号：US12707899
申请日：2010-02-18
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： G01R23/165
CPC分类号： H03L1/022
摘要： A small light-weight battery operated calibrator device provides a precise sine wave output for use in calibration of test equipment, such as a RF Power Meter or a Spectrum Analyzer. The calibration device includes two power levels, one −40 dBm and one 0 dBm. The purpose of the two power levels is to obtain a slope and offset for correction of the RF power measuring device being calibrated. Operation indication LED lights are provided to indicate which of the two powers are in use, and if battery power is below acceptable levels. Miniature low power components including a crystal oscillator and a divide by 2 integrated circuit that generates a precise square wave and a low pass filter for converting the square wave into a precise sine wave allows the calibrator to be battery operated and stored as a calibration component.
摘要翻译：小型轻巧的电池校准器设备提供精确的正弦波输出，用于校准测试设备，如RF功率计或频谱分析仪。校准装置包括两个功率电平，一个-40 dBm和一个0 dBm。两个功率电平的目的是获得正在校准的RF功率测量装置的校正的斜率和偏移。提供操作指示LED指示灯，以指示两个电源中的哪一个正在使用，以及电池电量是否低于可接受的水平。包括晶体振荡器和产生精确方波的2个集成电路的微型低功率组件和用于将方波转换成精确的正弦波的低通滤波器允许校准器被电池操作并存储为校准组件。

4. 发明授权

US07509107B2 Method and apparatus for extending the lower frequency operation of a sampler based VNA 有权
标题翻译：用于扩展基于采样器的VNA的较低频率操作的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07509107B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-24
申请号：US11029557
申请日：2005-01-05
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： H03K5/01
CPC分类号： H03K5/1534 , G01R27/28 , H03K7/08
摘要： Circuitry is provided to drive a step recovery diode (SRD) (8) in a sampler based vector network analyzer (VNA) that allows harmonic samplers (10, 11) to operate over many octaves. The circuit includes a digital pulse generator (FIG. 5) for providing a LO signal. The LO signal is provided over an octave frequency range as in previous SRD driver circuits, but pulse forming circuitry is provided to decrease the pulse rate to a sub multiple of the LO generating oscillator signal. The pulse forming circuitry includes a programmable frequency divider (50) to vary the pulse rate. The pulse forming network further includes registers (50, 52) connected to the programmable frequency divider (50) to limit the pulse width resulting in reduced heating of the SRDs. With an effectively wider frequency operation range using the SRD (8), only one downconversion is required in the VNA, eliminating the need for additional mixers (30, 31) and a second LO signal generator (24) to provide a second downconversion.
摘要翻译：提供电路以在基于采样器的矢量网络分析器（VNA）中驱动步进恢复二极管（SRD）（8），其允许谐波采样器（10,11）在许多八度上操作。电路包括用于提供LO信号的数字脉冲发生器（图5）。在先前的SRD驱动器电路中，LO信号提供在八度音频范围上，但提供脉冲形成电路以将脉冲速率降低到LO产生振荡器信号的次倍。脉冲形成电路包括可改变脉率的可编程分频器（50）。脉冲形成网络还包括连接到可编程分频器（50）的寄存器（50,52），以限制脉冲宽度，从而减少SRD的加热。在使用SRD（8）的有效较宽的频率工作范围内，在VNA中仅需要一个下变频，不需要额外的混频器（30,31）和第二个LO信号发生器（24）来提供第二次下变频。

5. 发明授权

US5909192A Method of displaying graphs with markers 失效
标题翻译：用标记显示图形的方法
公开(公告)号：US5909192A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-01
申请号：US176097
申请日：1988-03-31
申请人： David Peter Finch , Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： David Peter Finch , Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： G01R13/30 , G01R27/28 , G01S13/00
CPC分类号： G01R13/30 , G01R27/28
摘要： A graph of data samples in a graph field on the display, including a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, a trace indicating characteristics of data samples with respect to the coordinate axes, and a plurality of markers indicating positions of respective data samples along the trace is displayed. The markers appear on the display in the form of a symbol and a marker annotation field and are positioned within the graph field adjacent the data sample to which they are tied. The positions of the marker fields of the plurality of markers are calculated according to a preferred orientation with respect to the trace and their respective data samples. Markers are identified for which the marker annotation field according to the calculated position, lie in whole or in part outside the graph field, or for which the marker annotation field overlaps a marker field of another marker in the plurality of markers. The position of each marker identified as lying in whole or in part outside the graph field is recalculated according to a second orientation with respect to the trace, and the position of each marker identified as overlapping with the marker field of another marker is recalculated so that it no longer overlaps with such marker field.
摘要翻译：显示器上的图形场中的数据样本的图形，包括第一坐标轴，第二坐标轴，指示数据样本相对于坐标轴的特征的轨迹，以及指示各个数据样本沿着位置的多个标记显示跟踪。标记以符号和标记注释字段的形式出现在显示器上，并且位于与它们被绑定的数据样本相邻的图形字段内。根据关于迹线及其各自的数据样本的优选取向来计算多个标记的标记场的位置。根据计算出的位置识别标记注释字段的标记位于图形场的全部或部分外部，或者标记注释场与多个标记中的另一标记的标记场重叠。根据相对于迹线的第二取向，将识别为全部或部分位于图形场外的每个标记的位置重新计算，并且重新计算识别为与另一个标记的标记场重叠的每个标记的位置，使得它不再与这种标记字段重叠。

6. 发明授权

US08666322B1 System and method for measuring and locating passive intermodulation (PIM) sources in a network and/or device 有权
标题翻译：在网络和/或设备中测量和定位无源互调（PIM）源的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08666322B1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-04
申请号：US13360495
申请日：2012-01-27
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley , Frank Tiernan
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley , Frank Tiernan
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04B17/11
摘要： An embodiment of a system for determining a distance and magnitude to one or more unknown passive intermodulation (PIM) sources associated with a network under test comprises a scalar PIM measuring instrument and a reference PIM source. The scalar PIM measuring instrument has an output frequency that is systematically changeable to produce a series of response signals of varying frequency and the reference PIM source is configured to introduce a reflected signal to the scalar PIM measuring instrument in response to the output frequency. The scalar PIM measuring instrument can perform data processing algorithms allowing the extraction of distance and magnitude information about the unknown PIM sources located along the network under test from scalar data received by the scalar PIM measuring instrument. The scalar data received by the scalar PIM measuring instrument represents a combination of signals from the unknown PIM sources and the reference PIM source.
摘要翻译：用于确定与被测网络相关联的一个或多个未知被动互调（PIM）源的距离和幅度的系统的实施例包括标量PIM测量仪器和参考PIM源。标量PIM测量仪器具有系统可变的输出频率，以产生一系列变化的响应信号，并且参考PIM源被配置为响应于输出频率向标量PIM测量仪器引入反射信号。标量PIM测量仪器可以执行数据处理算法，允许从标量PIM测量仪器接收的标量数据中提取距离被测网络上未知PIM源的距离和幅度信息。由标量PIM测量仪器接收的标量数据表示来自未知PIM源和参考PIM源的信号的组合。

7. 发明授权

US08294469B2 Passive intermodulation (PIM) distance to fault analyzer with selectable harmonic level 有权
标题翻译：被动互调（PIM）与故障分析仪的距离，可选谐波电平
公开(公告)号：US08294469B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-23
申请号：US12723259
申请日：2010-03-12
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： H04B17/0085 , G01R31/11 , H04B3/46 , H04B17/17
摘要： A distance to PIM measurement circuit is made using a device such as an AWS transceiver that has separate transmit and receive bands. With a typical AWS transceiver placed in close proximity to a PCS transceiver, the AWS device will include a band reject filter to eliminate interference from the PCS signals. The PIM measurement circuit includes two frequency sources F1 and F2 that are provided through a combiner for characterization of the PIM circuit. To enable distance determination, an FM measurement is created by using an offset sweep generator attached to one of the two frequency sources. To avoid frequencies blocked by the band reject filter, a desired harmonic of a test PIM harmonic signal is selected outside the band of the band reject filter.
摘要翻译：使用诸如具有单独发射和接收频带的AWS收发器之类的设备进行到PIM测量电路的距离。随着典型的AWS收发器放置在靠近PCS收发器的位置，AWS设备将包括带状滤波器，以消除PCS信号的干扰。 PIM测量电路包括通过用于表征PIM电路的组合器提供的两个频率源F1和F2。要启用距离确定，通过使用连接到两个频率源之一的偏移扫描发生器来创建FM测量。为了避免带阻滤波器阻塞的频率，在带阻滤波器的频带之外选择测试PIM谐波信号的期望谐波。

8. 发明授权

US08058880B2 Calibrated two port passive intermodulation (PIM) distance to fault analyzer 有权
标题翻译：校准两端无源互调（PIM）到故障分析器的距离
公开(公告)号：US08058880B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-15
申请号：US12246330
申请日：2008-10-06
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley , Alan Charles Witty
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley , Alan Charles Witty
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： G01R31/11 , H04B17/0085 , H04B17/103 , H04B17/27
摘要： A PIM measurement circuit enables making forward and reverse PIM measurements on any 1 port (reflection) or 2 port (transmission) device with the ability to determine in distance where individual PIM impairments are located as well as their magnitude. The PIM measurement circuit includes two frequency sources that are provided through a combiner for a CW characterization of the PIM circuit. To enable distance determination, an FM measurement is created by using a saw tooth offset sweep generator attached to one of the two frequency sources. With downconversion and processing of signals from the PIM impairments, the FM signal provides a frequency variation that is converted using a Fourier transform or spectrum analysis for separation of frequencies, enabling determination of the distance of the PIM sources as well as their magnitudes.
摘要翻译： PIM测量电路可以在任何1端口（反射）或2端口（传输）设备上进行正向和反向PIM测量，具有在单个PIM损伤所在的距离以及其大小确定的能力。 PIM测量电路包括通过组合器提供的用于PIM电路的CW表征的两个频率源。为了启用距离确定，通过使用连接到两个频率源之一的锯齿偏移扫描发生器来创建FM测量。通过对来自PIM损伤的信号的下变频和处理，FM信号提供使用傅里叶变换或频谱分析转换频率的频率变化，用于分离频率，从而能够确定PIM源的距离及其幅度。

9. 发明申请

US20100085061A1 CALIBRATED TWO PORT PASSIVE INTERMODULATION (PIM) DISTANCE TO FAULT ANALYZER 有权
标题翻译：校准两个端口被动互连（PIM）距离到故障分析器
公开(公告)号：US20100085061A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-08
申请号：US12246330
申请日：2008-10-06
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley , Alan Charles Witty
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley , Alan Charles Witty
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： G01R31/11 , H04B17/0085 , H04B17/103 , H04B17/27
摘要： A PIM measurement circuit enables making forward and reverse PIM measurements on any 1 port (reflection) or 2 port (transmission) device with the ability to determine in distance where individual PIM impairments are located as well as their magnitude. The PIM measurement circuit includes two frequency sources that are provided through a combiner for a CW characterization of the PIM circuit. To enable distance determination, an FM measurement is created by using a saw tooth offset sweep generator attached to one of the two frequency sources. With downconversion and processing of signals from the PIM impairments, the FM signal provides a frequency variation that is converted using a Fourier transform or spectrum analysis for separation of frequencies, enabling determination of the distance of the PIM sources as well as their magnitudes.
摘要翻译： PIM测量电路可以在任何1端口（反射）或2端口（传输）设备上进行正向和反向PIM测量，具有在单个PIM损伤所在的距离以及它们的大小上确定的能力。 PIM测量电路包括通过组合器提供的用于PIM电路的CW表征的两个频率源。为了启用距离确定，通过使用连接到两个频率源之一的锯齿偏移扫描发生器来创建FM测量。通过对来自PIM损伤的信号的下变频和处理，FM信号提供使用傅里叶变换或频谱分析转换频率的频率变化，用于分离频率，从而能够确定PIM源的距离及其幅度。

10. 发明授权

US07019510B1 Portable ultra wide band handheld VNA 有权
标题翻译：便携式超宽带手持VNA
公开(公告)号：US07019510B1
公开(公告)日：2006-03-28
申请号：US11011923
申请日：2004-12-14
申请人： Donald Anthony Bradley
发明人： Donald Anthony Bradley
IPC分类号： G01R23/14 , G01R27/32
CPC分类号： G01R27/28 , G01R27/04 , G01R35/005
摘要： A handheld Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) is provided with circuitry capable of providing operation over a very wide bandwidth. The VNA includes two reflectometers, a first high frequency reflectometer (150) such as the model S331 Site Master™ and a second lower frequency reflectometer (50) such as the model S820 Site Master™, both the S331 and S820 being manufactured by Anritsu Company of Morgan Hill Calif. The high frequency reflectometer (150) includes a forward coupler (109) having a coupling path connected to a high frequency impulse signal source (102), and a through path connecting the test port (3) and incident and reflected signal measurement couplers (110,112) to a load (107). To connect the high and low frequency reflectometers (150,50), a diplexer (170) is connected between the load (107) and an output of the low frequency reflectometer (50). The diplexer (170) includes an inductor (172) for blocking high frequency signals from the low frequency reflectometer (50), and a capacitor (174) preventing a low frequency signal path through the load (107) to ground while providing an impedance matching the load (107) to high frequency signals.
摘要翻译：手持式矢量网络分析仪（VNA）提供有能够在非常宽的带宽上提供操作的电路。 VNA包括两个反射计，第一高频反射计（150），例如S331站点主站（TM）型号和第二低频反射计（50），例如S820型站点主站（TM），S331和S820均为高频反射计（150）包括具有连接到高频脉冲信号源（102）的耦合路径的前向耦合器（109）和连接测试端口（3）的通路，以及入射和反射信号测量耦合器（110,112）到负载（107）。为了连接高频和低频反射计（150,50），双工器（170）连接在负载（107）和低频反射计（50）的输出端之间。双工器（170）包括用于阻挡来自低频反射计（50）的高频信号的电感器（172）和电容器（174），用于防止通过负载（107）的低频信号路径接地，同时提供阻抗匹配负载（107）到高频信号。

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