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1. 发明授权

US07853744B2 Handling interrupts when virtual machines have direct access to a hardware device 有权
标题翻译：当虚拟机直接访问硬件设备时，处理中断
公开(公告)号：US07853744B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US12124893
申请日：2008-05-21
申请人： Mallik Mahalingam , Olivier Cremel , Jyothir Ramanan , Michael Nelson
发明人： Mallik Mahalingam , Olivier Cremel , Jyothir Ramanan , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F13/24
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4812 , G06F2009/45579
摘要： In virtualized computer system in which a guest operating system runs on a virtual machine of a virtualized computer system and has direct access to a hardware device coupled to the virtualized computer system via a communication interface, a computer-implemented method of handling interrupts from the hardware device to the guest operating system includes: (a) receiving a physical interrupt from the hardware device on a shared interrupt line of an interrupt controller; (b) masking the shared interrupt line of the interrupt controller; (c) generating a virtual interrupt corresponding to the physical interrupt to the guest operating system; and (d) the guest operating system executing an interrupt service routine.
摘要翻译：在虚拟化计算机系统中，客户机操作系统在虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟机上运行，并且经由通信接口直接访问耦合到虚拟化计算机系统的硬件设备，计算机实现的从硬件处理中断的方法客户操作系统的设备包括：（a）在中断控制器的共享中断线上从硬件设备接收物理中断; （b）屏蔽中断控制器的共享中断线; （c）向所述客户操作系统生成与所述物理中断相对应的虚拟中断; 和（d）客户操作系统执行中断服务程序。

2. 发明申请

US20080294808A1 DIRECT ACCESS TO A HARDWARE DEVICE FOR VIRTUAL MACHINES OF A VIRTUALIZED COMPUTER SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：直接访问虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟机的硬件设备
公开(公告)号：US20080294808A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US12124586
申请日：2008-05-21
申请人： Mallik Mahalingam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Mallik Mahalingam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F13/28 , G06F9/54
CPC分类号： G06F13/24 , G06F9/45558 , G06F12/0653 , G06F13/105 , G06F2009/45579
摘要： In a virtualized computer system in which a guest operating system runs on a virtual machine of a virtualized computer system, a computer-implemented method of providing the guest operating system with direct access to a hardware device coupled to the virtualized computer system via a communication interface, the method including: (a) obtaining first configuration register information corresponding to the hardware device, the hardware device connected to the virtualized computer system via the communication interface; (b) creating a passthrough device by copying at least part of the first configuration register information to generate second configuration register information corresponding to the passthrough device; and (c) enabling the guest operating system to directly access the hardware device corresponding to the passthrough device by providing access to the second configuration register information of the passthrough device.
摘要翻译：在其中客户操作系统在虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟机上运行的虚拟化计算机系统中，计算机实现的方法是通过通信接口向客户操作系统提供与耦合到虚拟化计算机系统的硬件设备的直接访问所述方法包括：（a）获得与所述硬件设备相对应的第一配置寄存器信息，所述硬件设备经由所述通信接口连接到所述虚拟化计算机系统; （b）通过复制所述第一配置寄存器信息的至少一部分来创建直通设备，以生成与所述直通设备相对应的第二配置寄存器信息; 以及（c）通过提供对直通装置的第二配置寄存器信息的访问，使得客户操作系统能够直接访问与通过设备相对应的硬件设备。

3. 发明授权

US07424710B1 TCP/IP offloading for virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机的TCP / IP卸载
公开(公告)号：US07424710B1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-09
申请号：US10741244
申请日：2003-12-18
申请人： Michael Nelson , Mallik Mahalingam , Ramu Arunachalam
发明人： Michael Nelson , Mallik Mahalingam , Ramu Arunachalam
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/45537 , H04L69/32
摘要： An engine (TOE) is provided in a virtualized computer system for offloading I/O tasks using any defined protocol such as TCP/IP. The system includes a virtual machine (VM), which has a guest operating system (OS) that runs via a virtual machine monitor (VMM) on a system-level software platform (vmkernel), which also forms the software interface layer to at least one physical network connection device. A TCP/IP stack is included in vmkernel. During normal I/O operation, for sockets associated with TOE, processes in an application layer in the guest OS are able to communicate directly with vmkernel's TCP/IP stack, thereby bypassing the guest OS kernel.
摘要翻译：在虚拟化计算机系统中提供引擎（TOE），用于使用任何定义的协议（如TCP / IP）卸载I / O任务。该系统包括虚拟机（VM），该虚拟机具有通过系统级软件平台（vmkernel）上的虚拟机监视器（VMM）运行的客户机操作系统（OS），该虚拟机还至少形成软件接口层一个物理网络连接设备。 vmkernel中包含一个TCP / IP协议栈。在正常I / O操作期间，对于与TOE相关联的套接字，来宾OS中的应用层中的进程能够直接与vmkernel的TCP / IP协议栈通信，从而绕过客户机操作系统内核。

4. 发明授权

US08527673B2 Direct access to a hardware device for virtual machines of a virtualized computer system 有权
公开(公告)号：US08527673B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US12124586
申请日：2008-05-21
申请人： Mallik Mahalingam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Mallik Mahalingam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F3/00 , G06F13/28 , G06F5/00 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/36 , G06F13/00 , G06F12/00 , G06F9/26 , G06F9/34 , G06F21/00
CPC分类号： G06F13/24 , G06F9/45558 , G06F12/0653 , G06F13/105 , G06F2009/45579
摘要： In a virtualized computer system in which a guest operating system runs on a virtual machine of a virtualized computer system, a computer-implemented method of providing the guest operating system with direct access to a hardware device coupled to the virtualized computer system via a communication interface, the method including: (a) obtaining first configuration register information corresponding to the hardware device, the hardware device connected to the virtualized computer system via the communication interface; (b) creating a passthrough device by copying at least part of the first configuration register information to generate second configuration register information corresponding to the passthrough device; and (c) enabling the guest operating system to directly access the hardware device corresponding to the passthrough device by providing access to the second configuration register information of the passthrough device.

5. 发明申请

US20080294825A1 Handling Interrupts When Virtual Machines Have Direct Access to a Hardware Device 有权
标题翻译：当虚拟机可以直接访问硬件设备时处理中断
公开(公告)号：US20080294825A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US12124893
申请日：2008-05-21
申请人： Mallik Mahalingam , Olivier Cremel , Jyothir Ramanan , Michael Nelson
发明人： Mallik Mahalingam , Olivier Cremel , Jyothir Ramanan , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F13/24 , G06F9/48
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4812 , G06F2009/45579
摘要： In virtualized computer system in which a guest operating system runs on a virtual machine of a virtualized computer system and has direct access to a hardware device coupled to the virtualized computer system via a communication interface, a computer-implemented method of handling interrupts from the hardware device to the guest operating system includes: (a) receiving a physical interrupt from the hardware device on a shared interrupt line of an interrupt controller; (b) masking the shared interrupt line of the interrupt controller; (c) generating a virtual interrupt corresponding to the physical interrupt to the guest operating system; and (d) the guest operating system executing an interrupt service routine.
摘要翻译：在虚拟化计算机系统中，客户机操作系统在虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟机上运行，并且经由通信接口直接访问耦合到虚拟化计算机系统的硬件设备，计算机实现的从硬件处理中断的方法客户操作系统的设备包括：（a）在中断控制器的共享中断线上从硬件设备接收物理中断; （b）屏蔽中断控制器的共享中断线; （c）向所述客户操作系统生成与所述物理中断相对应的虚拟中断; 和（d）客户操作系统执行中断服务程序。

6. 外观设计

USD734554S1 Helmet 有权
公开(公告)号：USD734554S1
公开(公告)日：2015-07-14
申请号：US29475449
申请日：2013-12-03
申请人： Eric Crane , Michael Nelson , Kip Arnette , Scott Layton , Matt Capozzi
设计人： Eric Crane , Michael Nelson , Kip Arnette , Scott Layton , Matt Capozzi

7. 发明授权

US08549241B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
公开(公告)号：US08549241B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12683288
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/2023 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2201/84
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.

8. 发明授权

US08235302B2 Identification features 有权
标题翻译：识别功能
公开(公告)号：US08235302B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-07
申请号：US11109877
申请日：2005-04-20
申请人： Cedric Loiret-Bernal , Linette Demers , Bjoern Rosner , Michael Nelson , Ray Eby , Joseph S. Fragala , Raymond Roger Shile , Hua Zhang , John Edward Bussan , Sylvain Cruchon-Dupeyrat
发明人： Cedric Loiret-Bernal , Linette Demers , Bjoern Rosner , Michael Nelson , Ray Eby , Joseph S. Fragala , Raymond Roger Shile , Hua Zhang , John Edward Bussan , Sylvain Cruchon-Dupeyrat
IPC分类号： G06K19/06 , B30B15/34
CPC分类号： B30B15/065 , B30B15/34 , G06K19/06028
摘要： Methods for providing pharmaceutical compositions and objects with identification regions and identification features which are difficult to detect. Microlithography, nanolithography, and stamping methods are used. The identification features can be positive protrusions or negative indentations with respect to the surface. The identification regions can comprise bar codes and holograms. DPN printing or other lithographies such as electron beam lithography, optical lithography, or nanoimprint lithography can be used to prepare stamps, which are then used to prepare the identification features. Redundant patterns can be formed. The invention is useful for counterfeit prevention. An apparatus for stamping the identification features is also described.
摘要翻译：用于提供药物组合物和物体具有难以检测的识别区域和识别特征的方法。使用微光刻，纳米光刻和冲压方法。识别特征可以是相对于表面的正突起或负凹痕。识别区域可以包括条形码和全息图。可以使用DPN印刷或诸如电子束光刻，光刻或纳米压印光刻的其它平版印刷术来制备标记，然后将其用于制备识别特征。可以形成冗余图案。本发明可用于防伪。还描述了用于冲压识别特征的装置。

9. 发明授权

US08043652B2 Method and apparatus for aligning patterns on a substrate 失效
标题翻译：用于对准衬底上的图案的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08043652B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US11852978
申请日：2007-09-10
申请人： Raymond K. Eby , Michael Nelson , Igor Touzov
发明人： Raymond K. Eby , Michael Nelson , Igor Touzov
IPC分类号： C23C16/52 , B05D5/00
CPC分类号： G01Q40/00 , Y10S977/854
摘要： A system and method for aligning prior patterning positions formed by a first SPM tip with a second SPM tip in combination with an SPM system includes identifying first location information that includes a location of the first SPM tip and a sample reference location on an SPM sample and storing the first location information in a storage area. After replacing the first SPM tip with the second SPM tip, second location information, which includes a location of the second SPM tip and the sample reference location on the SPM sample, is identified. Displacement is calculated between the location of the second SPM tip and the first SPM tip based on the first and second location information, and either the second SPM tip or a stage supporting the SPM sample is translated to align the second SPM tip with the location of the first SPM tip in accordance with the calculated displacement.
摘要翻译：用于将由第一SPM尖端形成的先前图案形成位置与第二SPM尖端对准的系统和方法与SPM系统组合包括识别包括第一SPM尖端的位置和SPM样本上的样本参考位置的第一位置信息，以及将第一位置信息存储在存储区域中。在用第二SPM尖端替换第一SPM尖端之后，识别包括第二SPM尖端的位置和SPM样本上的样本参考位置的第二位置信息。基于第一和第二位置信息在第二SPM尖端的位置和第一SPM尖端之间计算位移，并且平移第二SPM尖端或支撑SPM样本的平台以使第二SPM尖端与第一个SPM尖端按照计算出的位移。

10. 发明授权

US07762638B2 Methods and apparatus for ink delivery to nanolithographic probe systems 失效
标题翻译：用于墨水输送到纳米光刻探针系统的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07762638B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-27
申请号：US11399621
申请日：2006-04-07
申请人： Sylvain Cruchon-Dupeyrat , Michael Nelson , Robert Elghanian , Joseph S. Fragala , Igor Touzov , Debjyoti Banerjee
发明人： Sylvain Cruchon-Dupeyrat , Michael Nelson , Robert Elghanian , Joseph S. Fragala , Igor Touzov , Debjyoti Banerjee
IPC分类号： B41J2/005
CPC分类号： G03F7/0002 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00
摘要： Inkwells adapted for use in direct-write nanolithography and other applications including use of wells, channels, and posts. The wells can possess a geometry which matches the geometry of tips which are dipped into the inkwells. The channels can be open or closed. Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity can be used to control ink flow. SEM can be used to characterize the inkwells. Ink flow can be monitored with video. Hydrophobic material layers can be used to prevent cross contamination. Microsyringes can be used to fill reservoirs. Satellite reservoirs can be used to prevent bubble formation.
摘要翻译： Inkwells适用于直写纳米光刻技术和其他应用，包括使用井，通道和柱。孔可以具有与浸入墨水孔中的尖端的几何形状相匹配的几何形状。通道可以打开或关闭。亲水性和疏水性可用于控制油墨流动。 SEM可用于表征墨水。墨水流量可以用视频监控。疏水材料层可用于防止交叉污染。微量注射器可用于填充储存器。可以使用卫星储层来防止气泡形成。

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