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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Two-wire signal transmitter and method for maintaining integrity of
electrical contacts
    • 双线信号发射器和保持电触点完整性的方法
    • US6052050A
    • 2000-04-18
    • US023902
    • 1998-02-13
    • Michael E. ColbaughBenjamin A. GiovannelliDick J. Kolkman
    • Michael E. ColbaughBenjamin A. GiovannelliDick J. Kolkman
    • H04L12/10H04L25/45H04M11/04
    • H04L12/10H04L25/45
    • Two-wire signal transmitter and method in which a very low-level Alternating Circuit (AC) input signal sensed at a remote circuit at a first end of a signal path is added to a low-level Direct Current (DC) bias signal provided by a local circuit that is located at a second end of the signal path. In a preferred embodiment, the remote circuit is electrically coupled to and powered by the local circuit through a two-wire path interconnection, typically a shielded twisted-pair cable. The DC bias signal has sufficient level to overcome minimum ratings of electrical contacts, thereby to pass the sensed very low-level AC input signal reliably through the poor electrical contacts that are used, for instance, for connecting electronic circuits that run the length of a railway train. In a preferred embodiment, the use of a unity gain current amplifier as a part of the remote circuit reduces the signal degrading effects of long signal paths, but does not amplify the AC input signal, thereby retaining known pre-determined railroad vitality requirements. An output signal is provided that is an AC coupled, isolated, non-amplified representation of the AC input signal. An alternate preferred embodiment utilizes no active amplifier as a part of the remote circuit, thereby providing a signal transmitter and method that is less complex, has lower cost, requires smaller packaging, and has somewhat better long-term reliability than the preferred embodiment utilizing the active amplifier in the remote circuit.
    • 双线信号发射机和方法,其中在信号路径的第一端处的远程电路处感测到的极低电平的交流电路(AC)输入信号被加到低电平直流(DC)偏置信号,该信号由 位于信号路径的第二端的本地电路。 在优选实施例中,远程电路通过双线路径互连(通常为屏蔽双绞线)电耦合到本地电路并由本地电路供电。 DC偏置信号具有足够的电平以克服电触点的最小额定值,从而将感测到的非常低级别的AC输入信号可靠地传递通过用于例如用于连接长度为 铁路列车 在优选实施例中,使用单位增益电流放大器作为远程电路的一部分来减少长信号路径的信号降级效应,但不会放大AC输入信号,从而保持已知的预定铁路活力​​要求。 提供输出信号,其是AC输入信号的AC耦合的,隔离的,非放大的表示。 替代的优选实施例不使用有源放大器作为远程电路的一部分,从而提供信号发射器和方法,其较不复杂,具有较低的成本,需要较小的封装,并且具有比使用 主动放大器在远程电路中。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Axial alignment aid for remote control operations and related method
    • 用于远程控制操作的轴向对准辅助装置及相关方法
    • US4815845A
    • 1989-03-28
    • US852872
    • 1986-04-16
    • Michael E. ColbaughJohn J. Wilhelm
    • Michael E. ColbaughJohn J. Wilhelm
    • B64G1/36B64G1/64G01B11/27G01C21/24G05D1/02G05D1/10G01B11/00
    • B64G1/646G01B11/27
    • An axial alignment aid for remote control operations and related method are provided. A mirror located on a first movable member gathers light from its field of view in front of the first member and reflects it at right angles to a beam splitter which reflects the light at right angles to a video camera on the first member. A laser, also on the first member, projects a thin beam of light through a beam expander and a beam-expander lens template which gives the projected beam a pattern. The beam then reflects off another mirror, passes through the beam-splitter and is reflected off the original mirror. The beam is then projected on-axis with the first member (coincidentally on-axis with the video camera's field of view), and is inverted to match the original pattern. A reflective visual indicator or target is mounted on a second member so that its optical axis is collinear with the axis of the second member. An off-axis rotation of the first member to the right of the operator's perspective will result in a back-projected laser spot to the right of center on the visual indicator's front surface. On the other hand, rotation of the first member to the left of the operator's perspective will cause the spot to appear to the left of center on the front surface. Finally, if the operator centers the back-projected spot on the front surface of the visual indicator by moving the first member via a feedback control circuit, the laser light will be reflected exactly on axis with the center of the visual indicator. Positive indication of precise alignment of the first and second members is thus achieved and the first member can be safely and accurately docked with the second member.
    • 提供了用于远程控制操作的轴向对准辅助装置及相关方法。 位于第一可移动部件上的反射镜从第一部件前面的视野聚集光线并将其直角反射到将第一部件上的摄像机成直角的光反射的分束器。 激光器也在第一个部件上,通过光束扩展器和光束扩展器透镜模板投射出一束薄光束,该光束扩展器透镜模板给出了投影光束的图案。 然后光束反射离开另一个反射镜,穿过分束器并从原始反射镜反射。 然后将光束与第一构件(与摄像机的视野同时在轴上)投影在轴上,并且被反转以匹配原始图案。 反射视觉指示器或目标物安装在第二构件上,使得其光轴与第二构件的轴线共线。 第一构件在操作员视角右侧的离轴旋转将导致在视觉指示器的前表面上的中心右侧的反投影激光点。 另一方面,第一构件在操作者的视角左侧的旋转将导致点出现在前表面的中心的左侧。 最后,如果操作者通过反馈控制电路移动第一个构件,将视觉指示器的前表面上的后投影点居中,则激光将与视觉指示器的中心精确地反射在轴上。 因此实现了第一和第二构件的精确对准的正面指示,并且第一构件可以安全且精确地与第二构件对接。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Railway coded track circuit apparatus and method utilizing fiber optic
sensing
    • 铁路编码跟踪电路设备和方法利用光纤传感
    • US5330136A
    • 1994-07-19
    • US951582
    • 1992-09-25
    • Michael E. Colbaugh
    • Michael E. Colbaugh
    • B61L1/06B61L23/04B61L25/02G01L1/24
    • B61L23/044B61L1/06B61L23/045
    • A railway track circuit system utilizing an optical sensor which emits a vehicle detection light signal when a railway vehicle is present in a track section. A reference light signal is also generated by a light emission source. A detector in optical communication with the optical sensor receives the vehicle detection light signal. Information contained in the vehicle detection light signal is interpreted by a processor to detect the railway vehicle. In presently preferred embodiments, the sensor may comprise an elongated optical fiber conductor extending along the track section or a plurality of cascaded localized sensors. The sensor may generally also be utilized as a communication medium to pass communication data between opposite ends of the track section. Depending on the exigencies of the particular application, the sensor may be located within the track section in a number of ways.
    • 一种利用光纤传感器的铁路轨道电路系统,当铁路车辆存在于轨道部分时,其发出车辆检测光信号。 参考光信号也由发光源产生。 与光学传感器光学通信的检测器接收车辆检测光信号。 包含在车辆检测光信号中的信息由处理器解释以检测铁路车辆。 在目前优选的实施例中,传感器可以包括沿轨道部分延伸的细长光纤导体或多个级联的局部传感器。 传感器通常也可以用作通信介质以在轨道部分的相对端之间传递通信数据。 根据特定应用的紧急情况,传感器可以以多种方式位于轨道部分内。