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    • 8. 发明申请
    • Solvent-free mechanochemical preparation of phosphonium salts, phosphorus ylides, and olefins
    • 无溶剂的鏻盐,磷内鎓盐和烯烃的机械化学制备
    • US20040260128A1
    • 2004-12-23
    • US10744932
    • 2003-12-22
    • Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.
    • Vitalij K. PecharskyViktor P. BalemaJerzy W. WienchMarek Pruski
    • C07C005/09C07C015/40
    • C07C17/2635C07C1/34C07F9/5352C07F9/54C07C25/24
    • The present invention provides a method of preparing a phosphonium salt of the formula nullR1R2R3PnullCR4R5R6nullX, comprising ball-milling a phosphine of the formula R1R2R3P with a compound of the formula XCR4R5R6; a method of preparing a phosphorus ylide of the formula R1R2R3PnullCR4R5, comprising ball-milling a phosphonium salt of the formula nullR1R2R3PnullHCR4R5nullX in the presence of a base; and a method of preparing an olefin of the formula R4R5CnullCR7H or R4R5CnullCR7R8, comprising ball-milling a phosphorus ylide of the formula R1R2R3PnullCR4R5 with a compound of the formula R7C(O)H or R7C(O)R8. The inventive method produces phosphonium salts and phosphorus ylides by mechanical processing solid reagents under solvent-free conditions. The advantages of the present invention over conventional solution methods, include: (1) extremely high selectivity; (2) high yields; (3) low processing temperatures; (4) simple and scalable reactions using commercially available equipment; and (5) the complete elimination of solvents from the reaction.
    • 本发明提供了制备式[R 1 R 2 R 3 P-CR 4 R 5 R 6] X的鏻盐的方法,包括将磷化氢 式R 1 R 2 R 3与式XCR 4 R 5 R 6的化合物反应; 制备式R 1 R 2 R 3 P = CR 4 R 5的磷叶立德的方法,包括球磨研磨式[R 1 R' 2> R 3 P-HCR 4 R 5] X存在下, 以及制备式R 4 R 5 C = CR 7 H或R 4 R 5 C = CR 7 R 8的烯烃的方法,包括球磨a 具有式R 7 C(O)H或R 7 C(O)的化合物的式R 1 R 2 R 3 P = CR 4 R 5的磷叶立德 )R 8。 本发明的方法通过在无溶剂条件下机械处理固体试剂产生鏻盐和磷内鎓盐。 本发明优于常规溶液方法的优点包括:(1)极高的选择性; (2)高收益; (3)加工温度低; (4)使用市售设备的简单且可伸缩的反应; 和(5)从反应中完全消除溶剂。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Fluoroalkylated liquid-crystal compounds, liquid-crystal compositions, and liquid-crystal display elements
    • 氟烷基化液晶化合物,液晶组合物和液晶显示元件
    • US06254941B1
    • 2001-07-03
    • US09269286
    • 1999-03-25
    • Tomoyuki KondouShuichi MatsuiKazutoshi MiyazawaHiroyuki TakeuchiYasuhiro KuboFusayuki TakeshitaEtsuo Nakagawa
    • Tomoyuki KondouShuichi MatsuiKazutoshi MiyazawaHiroyuki TakeuchiYasuhiro KuboFusayuki TakeshitaEtsuo Nakagawa
    • C09K1912
    • C07C17/12C07C17/263C07C17/2635C07C17/361C07C25/18C07C43/174C07C43/225C09K19/12C09K19/14C09K19/20C09K2019/124Y10T428/10C07C25/13
    • The present invention provides liquid crystalline compounds having a very high voltage holding ratio, very little variation of these properties depending on temperature, high &Dgr;n, and good compatibility in the other liquid crystal materials particularly under a low temperature, liquid crystal compositions containing these crystalline compounds, and liquid crystal display devices constituted by using the liquid crystal compositions. The liquid crystalline compounds are represented by general formula (1): wherein R represents an alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl group of 2-20 carbon atoms, and in each group, any 1-3 hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine atoms; X shows an halogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-20 carbon atoms, any methylene groups (—CH2—) not adjacent each other in the alkyl group may be replaced by oxygen atoms, and any one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be replaced by fluorine atoms; Z1, Z2 and Z3, each independently, represents —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)4—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —(CH2)3O—, —O(CH2)3— or a covalent bond; Y1-Y16 each independently represent hydrogen atoms or fluorine atoms, but at least two represent fluorine atoms; m represents 0 or 1, and any atom constituting the compound may be replaced by an isotope thereof.
    • 本发明提供了具有非常高的电压保持率的液晶化合物,这些性质随温度变化很小,DELTAn高,在其它液晶材料中特别是在低温下具有良好的相容性,含有这些结晶化合物的液晶组合物 ,以及使用液晶组合物构成的液晶显示装置。 液晶化合物由通式(1)表示:其中R表示2-20个碳原子的烷基,烷氧基或烷氧基烷基,并且在每一组中,任何1-3个氢原子可被氟原子取代; X表示卤素原子或1-20个碳原子的烷基,烷基中不相邻的任何亚甲基(-CH 2 - )可以被氧原子取代,并且烷基中的任何一个或多个氢原子 可以被氟原子取代; Z 2,Z 2和Z 3各自独立地表示 - (CH 2)2 - , - (CH 2)4 - , - CH 2 O - , - OCH 2 - , - (CH 2)3 O-,-O ; Y1-Y16各自独立地表示氢原子或氟原子,但至少两个表示氟原子; m表示0或1,构成化合物的任何原子可以被其同位素代替。