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11. 发明授权

US06907293B2 Systems and methods for selectively stimulating components in, on, or near the pudendal nerve or its branches to achieve selective physiologic responses 有权
标题翻译：用于选择性刺激阴部神经或其分支中，上或附近的组分的系统和方法以实现选择性生理反应
公开(公告)号：US06907293B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US10113828
申请日：2002-03-29
申请人： Warren M. Grill , Kenneth J. Gustafson , Graham H. Creasey
发明人： Warren M. Grill , Kenneth J. Gustafson , Graham H. Creasey
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/32 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36185 , A61N1/0551 , A61N1/0556 , A61N1/326 , A61N1/36007 , A61N1/36107
摘要： Systems and methods selectively stimulate components of the pudendal nerve away from the sacral root to evoke desired physiologic responses in persons who lack the ability to otherwise produce these responses—e.g., maintain continence and/or produce micturition, and/or provide male/female sexuality responses, and/or provide bowel responses. The systems and methods use a multiple electrode array, or individual electrodes, placed on, in, or near the pudendal nerve. The electrode array, or individual electrodes, in association with a pulse generator, provide selective stimulation of individual fascicles within the pudendal nerve, to achieve different physiologic responses.
摘要翻译：系统和方法选择性地刺激阴部神经远离骶骨的部分，以在缺乏其他方式产生这些反应的能力的人中引起所需的生理反应 - 例如，保持连续和/或产生排尿和/或提供男性/女性的性行为反应和/或提供肠反应。这些系统和方法使用放置在阴部神经中，外侧或附近的多电极阵列或单个电极。与脉冲发生器相关联的电极阵列或单个电极提供对阴部神经内的各个分支的选择性刺激，以实现不同的生理反应。

12. 发明授权

US09089708B2 Waveform shapes for treating neurological disorders optimized for energy efficiency 有权
标题翻译：用于治疗针对能量效率优化的神经障碍的波形形状
公开(公告)号：US09089708B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-28
申请号：US13118081
申请日：2011-05-27
申请人： Warren M. Grill , Amorn Wongsarnpigoon
发明人： Warren M. Grill , Amorn Wongsarnpigoon
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/36146 , A61N1/0529 , A61N1/3606 , A61N1/36175
摘要： Systems and methods for stimulation of neurological tissue apply a stimulation waveform that is derived by a developed genetic algorithm (GA), which may be coupled to a computational model of extracellular stimulation of a mammalian myelinated axon. The waveform is optimized for energy efficiency.
摘要翻译：用于刺激神经组织的系统和方法应用由开发的遗传算法（GA）导出的刺激波形，其可以耦合到哺乳动物有髓轴突的细胞外刺激的计算模型。该波形针对能量效率进行了优化。

13. 发明授权

US09042981B2 Vagus nerve stimulation with target effects controlled by adjusting temporal parameters 有权
标题翻译：通过调整时间参数控制目标效应的迷走神经刺激
公开(公告)号：US09042981B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-26
申请号：US13114686
申请日：2011-05-24
申请人： Paul B. Yoo , Warren M. Grill , Juan Gabriel Hincapie Ordonez
发明人： Paul B. Yoo , Warren M. Grill , Juan Gabriel Hincapie Ordonez
IPC分类号： A61N1/00 , A61N1/36 , A61B5/00 , A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/36053 , A61B5/04001 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/4029 , A61B5/4035 , A61N1/0556 , A61N1/18 , A61N1/36 , A61N1/36114 , A61N1/36117 , A61N1/36139 , A61N1/36167
摘要： One or more temporal stimulation parameters of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) are selected to substantially modulate one or more target physiological functions without substantially modulating one or more non-target physiological functions. In one embodiment, a stimulation duty cycle is selected such that VNS is delivered to the cervical vagus nerve trunk to modulate a cardiovascular function without causing laryngeal muscle contractions.
摘要翻译：选择迷走神经刺激（VNS）的一个或多个时间刺激参数以基本上调制一个或多个目标生理功能，而基本上不调制一个或多个非目标生理功能。在一个实施例中，选择刺激占空比使得VNS被递送到子宫颈迷走神经干以调节心血管功能而不引起喉部肌肉收缩。

14. 发明授权

US07389145B2 Systems and methods for reversibly blocking nerve activity 有权
标题翻译：可逆地阻断神经活动的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07389145B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-17
申请号：US10468642
申请日：2002-02-20
申请人： Kevin L. Kilgore , Warren M. Grill , Cameron C. McIntyre , John Thomas Mortimer
发明人： Kevin L. Kilgore , Warren M. Grill , Cameron C. McIntyre , John Thomas Mortimer
IPC分类号： A61N1/34
CPC分类号： A61N1/32 , A61N1/36071
摘要： Systems and methods for blocking nerve impulses use an implanted electrode located on or around a nerve. A specific waveform is used that causes the nerve membrane to become incapable of transmitting an action potential. The membrane is only affected underneath the electrode, and the effect is immediately and completely reversible. The waveform has a low amplitude and can be charge balanced, with a high likelihood of being safe to the nerve for chronic conditions. It is possible to selectively block larger (motor) nerve fibers within a mixed nerve, while allowing sensory information to travel through unaffected nerve fibers.
摘要翻译：用于阻断神经冲动的系统和方法使用位于神经周围或周围的植入电极。使用导致神经膜变得不能传递动作电位的特定波形。膜仅在电极下方受影响，效果立即完全可逆。该波形具有低振幅并且可以进行电荷平衡，对于慢性疾病来说，对于神经是安全的可能性很高。可以选择性地阻止混合神经中较大的（运动）神经纤维，同时允许感官信息穿过未受影响的神经纤维。

15. 再颁专利

USRE45718E1 Systems and methods for reversibly blocking nerve activity 有权
标题翻译：可逆地阻断神经活动的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：USRE45718E1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-06
申请号：US12816802
申请日：2010-06-16
申请人： Kevin L. Kilgore , Warren M. Grill , Cameron C. McIntyre , John T. Mortimer
发明人： Kevin L. Kilgore , Warren M. Grill , Cameron C. McIntyre , John T. Mortimer
IPC分类号： A61N1/34 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36071 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/36164 , A61N1/36171 , A61N1/36178
摘要： Systems and methods for blocking nerve impulses use an implanted electrode located on or around a nerve. A specific waveform is used that causes the nerve membrane to become incapable of transmitting an action potential. The membrane is only affected underneath the electrode, and the effect is immediately and completely reversible. The waveform has a low amplitude and can be charge balanced, with a high likelihood of being safe to the nerve for chronic conditions. It is possible to selectively block larger (motor) nerve fibers within a mixed nerve, while allowing sensory information to travel through unaffected nerve fibers.
摘要翻译：用于阻断神经冲动的系统和方法使用位于神经周围或周围的植入电极。使用导致神经膜变得不能传递动作电位的特定波形。膜仅在电极下方受影响，效果立即完全可逆。该波形具有低振幅并且可以进行电荷平衡，对于慢性疾病来说，对于神经是安全的可能性很高。可以选择性地阻止混合神经中较大的（运动）神经纤维，同时允许感官信息穿过未受影响的神经纤维。

16. 发明申请

US20130304161A1 NON-REGULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION PATTERNS FOR TREATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS 有权
公开(公告)号：US20130304161A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-14
申请号：US13897504
申请日：2013-05-20
申请人： Warren M. Grill , Alan D. Dorval, II
发明人： Warren M. Grill , Alan D. Dorval, II
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36178 , A61N1/0534 , A61N1/36 , A61N1/36064 , A61N1/36067 , A61N1/36071 , A61N1/36082 , A61N1/36096 , A61N1/3615 , A61N1/36171 , A61N1/36196 , A61N1/37235
摘要： Systems and methods for stimulation of neurological tissue generate stimulation trains with temporal patterns of stimulation, in which the interval between electrical pulses (the inter-pulse intervals) changes or varies over time. Compared to conventional continuous, high rate pulse trains having regular (i.e., constant) inter-pulse intervals, the non-regular (i.e., not constant) pulse patterns or trains that embody features of the invention provide a lower average frequency.

17. 发明申请

US20110301658A1 SPATIALLY SELECTIVE VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION 有权
标题翻译：空间选择性VAGUS神经刺激
公开(公告)号：US20110301658A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-08
申请号：US13114626
申请日：2011-05-24
申请人： Paul B. Yoo , Warren M. Grill , Juan Gabriel Hincapie Ordonez
发明人： Paul B. Yoo , Warren M. Grill , Juan Gabriel Hincapie Ordonez
IPC分类号： A61N1/365 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36053 , A61B5/04001 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/4029 , A61N1/0556 , A61N1/36114 , A61N1/36167
摘要： By targeting on selected branches or fascicles of a vagus nerve using electrode placement and/or selection, one or more target branches of the vagus nerve are substantially activated by electrical stimulation pulses delivered to a branch without substantially activating one or more non-target branches. In one embodiment, vagus nerve stimulation is delivered through an electrode placed on a thoracic vagus nerve that is separated from a recurrent laryngeal nerve, such that the vagus nerve is stimulated without causing laryngeal muscle contractions. In another embodiment, vagus nerve stimulation is delivered through a multi-contact electrode with one or more contacts selected for delivering the electrical stimulation pulses to stimulate the vagus nerve without causing laryngeal muscle contractions.
摘要翻译：通过使用电极放置和/或选择来靶向迷走神经的选定分支或分支，迷走神经的一个或多个目标分支基本上被传递到分支的电刺激脉冲激活，而基本上不激活一个或多个非目标分支。在一个实施例中，迷走神经刺激通过放置在与复发性喉部神经分离的胸部迷走神经上的电极递送，使得迷走神经被刺激而不引起喉部肌肉收缩。在另一个实施方案中，迷走神经刺激通过多接触电极递送，其中一个或多个触点被选择用于递送电刺激脉冲以刺激迷走神经而不引起喉部肌肉收缩。

18. 发明申请

US20100152807A1 Non-regular electrical stimulation patterns for treating neurological disorders 有权
标题翻译：用于治疗神经系统疾病的非常规电刺激模式
公开(公告)号：US20100152807A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12587295
申请日：2009-10-05
申请人： Warren M. Grill , Alan D. Dorval, II
发明人： Warren M. Grill , Alan D. Dorval, II
IPC分类号： A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/36178 , A61N1/0534 , A61N1/36 , A61N1/36064 , A61N1/36067 , A61N1/36071 , A61N1/36082 , A61N1/36096 , A61N1/3615 , A61N1/36171 , A61N1/36196 , A61N1/37235
摘要： Systems and methods for stimulation of neurological tissue generate stimulation trains with temporal patterns of stimulation, in which the interval between electrical pulses (the inter-pulse intervals) changes or varies over time. Compared to conventional continuous, high rate pulse trains having regular (i.e., constant) inter-pulse intervals, the non-regular (i.e., not constant) pulse patterns or trains that embody features of the invention provide a lower average frequency.
摘要翻译：用于刺激神经组织的系统和方法产生具有刺激时间模式的刺激训练，其中电脉冲之间的间隔（脉冲间间隔）随时间变化或变化。与具有规则（即恒定）脉冲间间隔的常规连续高速脉冲串相比，体现本发明特征的非规则（即，不是恒定的）脉冲模式或火车提供较低的平均频率。

19. 发明授权

US06560490B2 Waveforms for selective stimulation of central nervous system neurons 有权
公开(公告)号：US06560490B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09799272
申请日：2001-03-05
申请人： Warren M. Grill , Cameron C. McIntyre
发明人： Warren M. Grill , Cameron C. McIntyre
IPC分类号： A61N140
CPC分类号： A61N1/3615 , A61N1/36082 , A61N1/36167
摘要： Asymmetric charge-balanced stimulation waveforms are defined and used for CNS stimulation with selective stimulation of either neuronal cell bodies or axon fibers of passage in favor of the other. A pre-pulse is followed by an opposite polarity stimulation pulse, with the pre-pulse being relatively low-amplitude and long-duration as compared to the stimulation pulse. The pre-pulse and stimulation pulse are charge-balanced to prevent tissue damage and electrode corrosion. The polarity of the pre-pulse and stimulation pulse control the selectivity of stimulation with respect to neuronal cell bodies versus axon fibers of passage. The waveform used in the stimulation method optionally includes a zero-amplitude phase having a duration of 0 to 500 microseconds.

20. 发明授权

US08892211B2 System and method for selective retinal stimulation 有权
标题翻译：选择性视网膜刺激的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08892211B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-18
申请号：US12789063
申请日：2010-05-27
申请人： Warren M. Grill , Matthew A. Schiefer
发明人： Warren M. Grill , Matthew A. Schiefer
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： A method for electrically stimulating a retina of an eye to induce visual perception includes placing an electrode adjacent a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer and selectively applying a biphasic asymmetrical waveform (BAW) to a portion of the axon. The BAW includes a pre-pulse phase and a stimulation-pulse phase. The pre-pulse phase has a first polarity, a first amplitude, and a first duration. The first amplitude and the first duration together define a pre-pulse charge having a first magnitude. The stimulation-pulse phase has a second polarity opposite the first polarity, a second amplitude, and a second duration less than the first duration. The second amplitude and the second duration together define a stimulation charge having a second magnitude. Application of the pre-pulse phase and the stimulation-pulse phase effects a change in excitability of the at least one ganglion cell and induces visual perception, respectively.
摘要翻译：用于电刺激眼睛的视网膜以诱导视觉感知的方法包括将电极放置在视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）层附近并选择性地将两相不对称波形（BAW）应用于轴突的一部分。 BAW包括预脉冲相位和刺激脉冲相位。预脉冲相位具有第一极性，第一幅度和第一持续时间。第一幅度和第一持续时间一起限定具有第一幅度的预脉冲电荷。刺激脉冲相位具有与第一极性相反的第二极性，第二幅度和小于第一持续时间的第二持续时间。第二幅度和第二持续时间一起限定具有第二幅度的刺激电荷。预脉冲相位和刺激脉冲相位的应用分别影响至少一个神经节细胞的兴奋性变化并分别诱导视觉感知。

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