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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Thermal sensing system having a fast response calibration device
    • 具有快速响应校准装置的热感测系统
    • US6127679A
    • 2000-10-03
    • US983349
    • 1998-01-09
    • Timothy AshleyCharles T ElliottNeil T GordonRalph S Hall
    • Timothy AshleyCharles T ElliottNeil T GordonRalph S Hall
    • G01J5/48H04N5/33H04N5/365G01D18/00
    • H04N5/3651F41G7/001F41G7/2253F41G7/2293H04N5/33
    • A thermal sensing system (10) including an array of photon detectors (14) produces a detector-dependent response to irradiation. Variations in individual detector characteristics produce a fixed pattern noise which degrades an image or other response. A switchable mirror (M1) may at one position (P.sub.cal) direct infrared radiation from a light emitting diode (20) onto the detector array (14). The diode (20) is both a negative and positive luminescent emitter, the flux emitted is current controlled to be equivalent to black body radiation at a range of temperatures both colder and hotter than ambient. Calibration relationships comprising transfer functions relating incident intensity to signal response are derived for each detector. Alternatively the mirror (M1) may be at an observation position (P.sub.obs) and infrared radiation from a remote scene reaches the detector array (14). Resulting detector signals are converted into corrected fluxes using individual calibration relationships previously derived and an image or response with reduced fixed pattern noise is obtained.
    • PCT No.PCT / GB96 / 01805 Sec。 371日期1998年1月9日 102(e)1998年1月9日PCT PCT 1996年7月29日PCT公布。 出版物WO97 / 05742 日期1997年2月13日包括光子检测器(14)阵列的热感测系统(10)产生对照射的检测器相关响应。 单个检测器特性的变化产生固定模式噪声,降低图像或其他响应。 可切换镜(M1)可以在从发光二极管(20)到检测器阵列(14)的一个位置(Pcal)的直接红外辐射。 二极管(20)都是负极和正极的发光发射器,所发射的电流被电流控制在相当于在比环境温度更冷和更热的温度范围内的黑体辐射。 对于每个检测器导出包括将入射强度与信号响应相关联的传递函数的校准关系。 或者,反射镜(M1)可以在观察位置(Pobs)处,并且来自远程场景的红外辐射到达检测器阵列(14)。 所得到的检测器信号使用先前导出的各个校准关系转换成校正通量,并且获得具有降低的固定模式噪声的图像或响应。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Light modulating devices
    • 光调制装置
    • US6104365A
    • 2000-08-15
    • US80601
    • 1998-05-18
    • Michael John TowlerDiana Cynthia UlrichPaul Bonnett
    • Michael John TowlerDiana Cynthia UlrichPaul Bonnett
    • G02F1/133G09G3/20G09G3/36
    • G09G3/2011G09G3/2051G09G3/3629G09G2310/06G09G3/2018G09G3/2074
    • A ferroelectric liquid crystal display comprises an addressable matrix of pixels 7 and addressing circuitry comprising a data signal generator 14 for applying data signals to column electrode tracks 4.sub.1, 4.sub.2. . . . . 4.sub.n and a strobe signal generator 15 for applying strobe signals to row electrode tracks 5.sub.1, 5.sub.2. . . . . 5.sub.m in order to selectively switch the pixels 7. In order to provide a large number of well defined grey levels, the addressing circuitry includes spatial and/or temporal dither control circuits for addressing separately addressable subpixels of each pixel 7 with different combinations of spatial dither signals and/or for addressing at least part of each pixel with different combinations of temporal dither signals applied to separately addressable temporal bits corresponding to subframes of different periods to produce a plurality of different transmission levels. Furthermore at least a part of each pixel is switchable between different states by means of on and off switching signals, at least one bit of some of the pixels being switchable into intermediate states, including at least one error producing analogue state, by intermediate switching signals in order to produce intermediate overall transmission levels, and such switching being controlled so that periods in which at least part of the pixel is in an error producing analogue state alternate with periods in which the part is in a substantially error free state in order to limit the propagation of transmission errors.
    • 铁电液晶显示器包括像素7的可寻址矩阵和包括用于将数据信号施加到列电极轨道41,42的数据信号发生器14的寻址电路。 。 。 。 4n和选通信号发生器15,用于将选通信号施加到行电极轨道51,52。 。 。 。 为了提供大量明确定义的灰度级,寻址电路包括空间和/或时间抖动控制电路,用于利用空间抖动的不同组合寻址每个像素7的单独可寻址子像素 信号和/或用于使用施加到对应于不同周期的子帧的可分别寻址的时间位的时间抖动信号的不同组合来寻址每个像素的至少一部分,以产生多个不同的传输电平。 此外,每个像素的至少一部分可通过接通和断开开关信号在不同状态之间切换,通过中间开关信号,一些像素的至少一位可转换成中间状态,包括产生模拟状态的至少一个误差 为了产生中间的总体传输电平,并且这种切换被控制,使得至少部分像素处于错误产生模拟状态的周期与该部分处于基本上无差错状态的周期交替,以便限制 传播错误的传播。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Cryptographic receiver
    • 加密接收机
    • US06028935A
    • 2000-02-22
    • US624499
    • 1996-04-10
    • John G RarityPaul R Tapster
    • John G RarityPaul R Tapster
    • G01J9/00G02F1/01G09C1/00H04B10/00H04L9/08H04L9/38H04L9/12
    • H04L9/0858
    • A cryptographic receiver (10) includes photon detectors (52, 54, 56, 58) arranged to detect photons arriving from filters (22) and (24). A fiber coupler (14) randomly distributes each received photon (16) from an optical fiber toone of two photon channels (18, 20). The filters (22, 24) are each unbalanced Mach-Zehner interferometers with a phase modulator (34, 44) in one arm (28, 38). The filters (22, 24) impose non-orthogonal measurement bases on photons within the respective channels (18, 20). A signal processor (60) derives a cryptographic key-code by analysis of signals received from the photon detectors (52, 54, 46, 58).
    • PCT No.PCT / GB94 / 02067 Sec。 371日期:1996年4月10日 102(e)日期1996年4月10日PCT 1994年9月23日PCT公布。 第WO95 / 10907号公报 日期1995年04月20日密码接收器(10)包括被布置成检测从滤波器(22)和(24)到达的光子的光子检测器(52,54,56,58)。 光纤耦合器(14)将每个接收的光子(16)从光纤通道(18,20)的光纤随机分配。 滤波器(22,24)是在一个臂(28,38)中具有相位调制器(34,44)的每个不平衡的马赫 - 泽纳(Hammer-Zehner)干涉仪。 滤波器(22,24)对相应通道(18,20)内的光子施加非正交测量基。 信号处理器(60)通过分析从光子检测器(52,54,46,58)接收的信号来导出密码密钥码。