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1. 发明申请

US20210277151A1 PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND NANOCELLULOSE COMPOSITIONS PRODUCED THEREFROM 有权
公开(公告)号：US20210277151A1
公开(公告)日：2021-09-09
申请号：US17209388
申请日：2021-03-23
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA
IPC分类号： C08B15/08 , D21C1/02 , D21C5/00 , D21C9/00 , D21C11/00 , D21H11/18 , C08H8/00 , C12P19/14 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C07G1/00 , C08B37/00 , C09K8/10 , C09K8/34 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/68 , C13K1/02 , D21B1/06 , D21C3/00 , D21C3/06 , D21C9/10
摘要： Various processes are disclosed for producing nanocellulose materials following steam extraction or hot-water digestion of biomass. Processes are also disclosed for producing nanocellulose materials from a wide variety of starting pulps or pretreated biomass feedstocks. The nanocellulose materials may be used as rheology modifiers in many applications. Water-based and oil-based drilling fluid formulations and additives are provided. Also, water-based and oil-based hydraulic fracturing fluid formulations and additives are provided. In other embodiments, polymer-nanocellulose composites are provided.

2. 发明申请

US20190292277A1 NANOCELLULOSE COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES TO PRODUCE SAME 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20190292277A1
公开(公告)日：2019-09-26
申请号：US16285362
申请日：2019-02-26
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Theodora RETSINA , Kimberly NELSON
IPC分类号： C08B15/02 , C08L1/02 , C08B15/08 , C08B15/04 , C08B15/00 , C08K9/00 , C08J7/12 , C09D101/04
摘要： A composition comprising nanocellulose is disclosed, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. The nanocellulose may be in the form of cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, or both. The nanocellulose is characterized by a crystallinity of at least 80%, an onset of thermal decomposition of 300° F. or higher, and a low light transmittance over the range 400-700 nm. Other variations provide a composition comprising lignin-coated hydrophobic nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. Some variations provide a composition comprising nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains about 0.1 wt % equivalent sulfur content, or less, as SO4 groups chemically or physically bound to the nanocellulose. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose contains essentially no hydrogen atoms (apart from hydrogen structurally contained in nanocellulose itself) bound to the nanocellulose. Various compositions, materials, and products may incorporate the nanocellulose compositions disclosed herein.

3. 发明授权

US10316336B2 Systems and methods for continuously fermenting C5 and C6 saccharides 有权
公开(公告)号：US10316336B2
公开(公告)日：2019-06-11
申请号：US15605930
申请日：2017-05-25
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Shrikant Survase , Ryan Zebroski , Georgios Adamos , Vesa Pylkkanen
IPC分类号： C12P7/10 , C12P7/04 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/28 , C12P7/52 , C12P7/54 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14
摘要： This invention provides optimized fermentation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic sugars. Biomass-derived hemicellulosic and cellulosic sugars are independently conditioned and separately fermented, utilizing reuse and recycle of microorganisms, metabolic intermediates, and nutrients. Conditioned sugars can be fermented in separate vessels, where excess cells from glucose fermentation are conveyed to hemicellulose sugar fermentation along with raffinate from solvent recovery, to enhance productivity and product yield. Some variations provide a method of fermenting C5 and C6 sugars to fermentation products, the method comprising: fermenting a C6-rich sugar feed to a first fermentation product; fermenting a C5-rich sugar feed to a second fermentation product; removing microorganism cells from the first fermentor, to maintain a cell concentration within a selected range; conveying microorganism cells to a second fermentor; and removing microorganism cells from the second fermentor, to maintain a microorganism cell concentration that is greater than that in the C6-rich fermentor.

4. 发明申请

US20180016355A1 SOLVENT-BASED PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180016355A1
公开(公告)日：2018-01-18
申请号：US15644878
申请日：2017-07-10
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Ryan O'CONNOR
IPC分类号： C08B15/08 , D21C9/00 , D21C5/00 , C12P19/02 , C08B15/02 , D21C3/04 , C12P7/10 , D21H11/18 , D21C3/20
CPC分类号： C08B15/08 , C08B15/02 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/20 , D21C5/005 , D21C9/007 , D21H11/18 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P20/542
摘要： The present invention provides a process for producing a nanocellulose material, comprising: fractionating a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin and water, but no acid catalyst, to generate cellulose-rich solids; and then mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form a nanocellulose material comprising cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals. Many organic or inorganic solvents are possible. In some embodiments, the solvent for lignin is an oxygenated organic compound, such as a C1-C18 alcohol, e.g. ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, propanediol, glycerol, butanol, or butanediol. The solvent for lignin may be an aromatic alcohol, such as phenol, cresol, or benzyl alcohol. The solvent for lignin may be a ketone, an aldehyde, or an ether, such as methyl ethyl ketone or diethyl ether. The solvent for lignin may be a non-oxygenated alkane, olefin, or aromatic hydrocarbon. In some embodiments, the solvent for lignin is an ionic liquid.

5. 发明授权

US09738729B2 Processes and apparatus for removal of fermentation inhibitors from biomass hydrolysates 有权
公开(公告)号：US09738729B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-22
申请号：US14623853
申请日：2015-02-17
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Theodora Retsina , Jean-Pierre Monclin , Ryan Zebroski , Anastasios Trypakis , Vesa Pylkkanen
IPC分类号： C08B15/00 , C08H8/00
CPC分类号： C08B15/00 , C08H8/00
摘要： The disclosure provides a process for separating fermentation inhibitors from a biomass-derived hydrolysate, comprising: introducing a biomass-derived liquid hydrolysate stream to a stripping column; introducing a steam-rich vapor stream to the stripping column to strip fermentation inhibitors (such as acetic acid) from the liquid hydrolysate stream; recovering a stripped liquid stream and a stripper vapor output stream; compressing the stripper vapor output stream; introducing the compressed vapor stream, and a water-rich liquid stream, to an evaporator; recovering, from the evaporator, an evaporated liquid stream and an evaporator output vapor stream; and recycling the evaporator output vapor stream to the stripping column as the steam-rich vapor stream. Other variations utilize a rectification column to recover a rectified liquid stream and a rectification column vapor stream, and recycle the rectification column vapor stream to the stripping column as the steam-rich vapor stream.

6. 发明申请

US20170190800A1 NANOCELLULOSE COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES TO PRODUCE SAME 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170190800A1
公开(公告)日：2017-07-06
申请号：US15353306
申请日：2016-11-16
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Theodora RETSINA , Kimberly NELSON
IPC分类号： C08B15/02 , C09D101/04
CPC分类号： C08B15/02 , C08B15/00 , C08B15/04 , C08B15/08 , C08J7/12 , C08K9/00 , C08L1/02 , C09D101/04
摘要： A composition comprising nanocellulose is disclosed, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. The nanocellulose may be in the form of cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, or both. The nanocellulose is characterized by a crystallinity of at least 80%, an onset of thermal decomposition of 300° F. or higher, and a low light transmittance over the range 400-700 nm. Other variations provide a composition comprising lignin-coated hydrophobic nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. Some variations provide a composition comprising nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains about 0.1 wt % equivalent sulfur content, or less, as SO4 groups chemically or physically bound to the nanocellulose. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose contains essentially no hydrogen atoms (apart from hydrogen structurally contained in nanocellulose itself) bound to the nanocellulose. Various compositions, materials, and products may incorporate the nanocellulose compositions disclosed herein.

7. 发明授权

US09556557B2 Processes for producing cellulose pulp and pulp-derived products from lignocellulosic biomass 有权
标题翻译：从木质纤维素生物质生产纤维素纸浆和纸浆衍生产品的方法
公开(公告)号：US09556557B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-31
申请号：US15098383
申请日：2016-04-14
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Theodora Retsina , Vesa Pylkkanen , Steven R. Rutherford
IPC分类号： D21B1/02 , D21C1/02 , D21C11/00 , D21C3/22 , D21C3/26 , C08B1/00 , C08B37/00 , C08H8/00 , D21C3/02 , D21C3/08 , D21C3/20 , D21C9/02 , C12P19/14
CPC分类号： D21C3/22 , C08B1/00 , C08B37/0057 , C08H8/00 , C12P7/10 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/54 , C12P7/56 , C12P19/14 , C13K1/02 , D21B1/02 , D21B1/021 , D21C1/02 , D21C3/02 , D21C3/08 , D21C3/20 , D21C3/222 , D21C3/26 , D21C9/02 , D21C11/0007 , D21H11/00
摘要： The GreenBox+ technology is suitable to extract hemicellulose sugars prior to pulping of biomass into pulp products. The revenue obtainable from the sugar stream can significantly improve the economics of a pulp and paper mill. An initial extraction and recovery of sugars is followed by production of a pulp product with similar or better properties. Other co-products such as acetates and furfural are also possible. Some variations provide a process for co-producing pulp and hemicellulosic sugars from biomass, comprising: digesting the biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to extract hemicellulose into a liquid phase; washing the extracted solids, thereby generating a liquid wash filtrate and washed solids; separating the liquid wash filtrate from the washed solids; refining the washed solids at a refining pH of about 4 or higher, thereby generating pulp; and hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate hemicellulosic fermentable sugars.
摘要翻译： GreenBox +技术适用于在将生物量制浆成纸浆产品之前提取半纤维素糖。从糖流中获得的收入可以显着提高纸浆和造纸厂的经济性。首先提取和回收糖，然后生产具有相似或更好性质的纸浆产品。其他共同产品如乙酸盐和糠醛也是可能的。一些变化提供了从生物质共同生产纸浆和半纤维素糖的方法，其包括：在蒸汽和/或热水存在下消化生物质以将半纤维素提取到液相中; 洗涤提取的固体，从而产生液体洗涤滤液并洗涤固体; 从洗涤的固体中分离液体洗涤滤液; 在约4或更高的精炼pH下精制洗涤的固体，从而产生纸浆; 并水解半纤维素以产生半纤维素可发酵糖。

8. 发明授权

US09435002B2 Continuous processes for hydrolyzing hemicelluloses from ligocellulosic materials with cleaning system 有权
标题翻译：用清洁系统从纤维素材料水解半纤维素的连续方法
公开(公告)号：US09435002B2
公开(公告)日：2016-09-06
申请号：US14714214
申请日：2015-05-15
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Zheng Dang , Mehmet Sefik Tunc , Ziyu Wang
IPC分类号： C13K13/00 , C07C51/00 , C07D307/50 , C13K1/02
CPC分类号： C13K13/002 , C07C51/00 , C07D307/50 , C13K1/02 , C13K13/00 , Y02E50/16
摘要： A continuous process for producing hemicellulose sugars from a biomass extraction liquor is provided. A system is configured for continuously producing hemicellulose sugars and/or hemicellulose derivatives from a biomass extraction liquor, the system comprising at least a first hydrolysis reactor and a second hydrolysis reactor. Each of the hydrolysis reactors is in switchable communication with (i) an operating feed stream of a biomass extraction liquor containing water, hemicellulose oligomers, and dissolved or suspended lignin, and (ii) a cleaning feed stream of a cleaning agent selected from the group consisting of steam, an alkaline solution, an organic solvent, and combinations thereof. The cleaning agent dissolves precipitated lignin formed from the lignin under the hydrolysis reaction conditions.
摘要翻译：提供了从生物质提取液中生产半纤维素糖的连续方法。一种系统被配置用于从生物质提取液连续生产半纤维素糖和/或半纤维素衍生物，该系统至少包含第一水解反应器和第二水解反应器。每个水解反应器与（i）含有水，半纤维素低聚物和溶解或悬浮的木质素的生物质提取液的操作进料流可交换连通，和（ii）清洁剂的清洁进料流，由蒸汽，碱性溶液，有机溶剂及其组合组成。清洗剂在水解反应条件下溶解由木质素形成的沉淀木质素。

9. 发明申请

US20160244788A1 HYDROTHERMAL-MECHANICAL CONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS TO ETHANOL OR OTHER FERMENTATION PRODUCTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：木糖醇生物质对乙醇或其他发酵产品的水力机械转化
公开(公告)号：US20160244788A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-25
申请号：US15047608
申请日：2016-02-18
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Steven R. RUTHERFORD , Jean-Pierre MONCLIN
IPC分类号： C12P7/14 , D21C9/00 , D21C1/02
CPC分类号： C12P7/14 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , D21C1/02 , D21C3/00 , D21C9/00 , Y02E50/16
摘要： A low-cost process is provided to render lignocellulosic biomass accessible to cellulase enzymes, to produce fermentable sugars. Some variations provide a process to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass (such as sugarcane bagasse or corn stover), comprising introducing a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock to a single-stage digestor; exposing the feedstock to a reaction solution comprising steam or liquid hot water within the digestor, to solubilize the hemicellulose in a liquid phase and to provide a cellulose-rich solid phase; refining the cellulose-rich solid phase, together with the liquid phase, in a mechanical refiner, thereby providing a mixture of refined cellulose-rich solids and the liquid phase; enzymatically hydrolyzing the mixture in a hydrolysis reactor with cellulase enzymes, to generate fermentable sugars; and fermenting the fermentable sugars to produce ethanol. Many alternative process configurations are described. The disclosed processes may be employed for other fermentation products.
摘要翻译：提供了一种低成本的方法来使木质纤维素生物质可获得纤维素酶，以产生可发酵的糖。一些变型提供了从木质纤维素生物质（例如甘蔗渣或玉米秸秆）生产乙醇的方法，包括将木质纤维素生物质原料引入单级消化器; 将原料暴露于消化器内包含蒸汽或液体热水的反应溶液中，以将半纤维素溶解在液相中并提供富含纤维素的固相; 在机械磨浆机中将富含纤维素的固相与液相一起精炼，从而提供精制富含纤维素的固体和液相的混合物; 在水解反应器中用纤维素酶酶水解水解产生可发酵糖; 并发酵可发酵糖以产生乙醇。描述了许多替代的工艺配置。所公开的方法可用于其它发酵产物。

10. 发明授权

US09399840B2 Sulfite-based processes for producing nanocellulose, and compositions and products produced therefrom 有权
标题翻译：用于生产纳米纤维的基于亚硫酸盐的方法，以及由其制备的组合物和产品
公开(公告)号：US09399840B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-26
申请号：US14584593
申请日：2014-12-29
申请人： API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
发明人： Kimberly Nelson , Theodora Retsina , Vesa Pylkkanen , Ryan O'Connor
IPC分类号： D21H11/18 , D21H21/32 , C13K1/02 , D21H17/66 , D21H11/06 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/06 , D21C9/00 , D21C9/10
CPC分类号： D21H11/18 , C13K1/02 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/06 , D21C9/007 , D21C9/10 , D21H11/06 , D21H17/66 , D21H21/32
摘要： Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with sulfur dioxide or a sulfite compound and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites.
摘要翻译：所公开的方法能够以低机械能输入将生物质转化为高结晶度纳米纤维素。在一些变型中，该方法包括用二氧化硫或亚硫酸盐化合物和水分解生物质，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体; 并机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成纳米原纤维和/或纳米晶体。总机械能可能小于500千瓦时/吨。纳米纤维素材料的结晶度可以为80％以上，转化为复合材料的良好的增强性能。纳米纤维素材料可以包括纳米纤维化纤维素，纳米晶纤维素或两者。在一些实施方案中，通过将一些木质素沉积到纤维素表面上，纳米纤维素材料是疏水的。任选地，衍生自无定形纤维素和半纤维素的糖可以单独发酵，例如用于各种聚合物的单体。这些聚合物可与纳米纤维素结合形成完全可再生的复合材料。

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