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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Disposable cup and cone used in blood analysis instrumentation
    • US06573104B2
    • 2003-06-03
    • US09852149
    • 2001-05-10
    • Marcus E. Carr, Jr.Mark Licata
    • Marcus E. Carr, Jr.Mark Licata
    • G01N3386
    • G01N33/4905G01N33/86Y10T436/10
    • Blood clot analysis instrumentation used to evaluate platelet function and clot structure by monitoring force development during clot retraction or upon application of a known amount of force can have a calibration check automatically performed by using a top member with a known amount of mass which is detachable from the instrumentation, and preferably is a disposable component. The calibration check is performed by monitoring force or displacement on a holding member with and without the top member attached. If the difference measured is within a preferred tolerance range, then the instrumentation can be deemed to be within the specifications deemed best suited for the instrument. The top member may also be modified to allow for mixing reagents with the clot, thereby avoiding the need to pre-mix blood with reagents before measurement. This can be accomplished by providing the top member with a rotation mechanism, such as an air driven fin assembly, that permits the top member to rotate forwards and/or backwards relative to the receptacle which holds the blood sample. The top member may also carry on board one or more reagents used for the diagnostic tests to be performed on the blood sample. Different top members might be used to perform different tests by being capable of dispensing different reagents. Moreover, a bar code or other indicia may be used to have the instrumentation automatically identify the test being performed, and this can also be used to provide information useful in regulating the mixing operation to be performed by the top member. Furthermore, a disposable liner may also be positionable within the receptacle such that the entire test can be performed with disposable components, thereby reducing clean up time, improving performance of the instrumentation, and enhancing the safety for the clinicians. Finally, the shape of the top and bottom members are configured in such a way as to have the evaporation force vector perpendicular to the clot retraction force vector.
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Instrumentation and method for evaluating platelet performance during
clotting and dissolution of blood clots and for evaluating erythrocyte
flexibility
    • 用于评估血块凝血和溶解过程中血小板表现的方法和评估红细胞灵活性的方法
    • US5293772A
    • 1994-03-15
    • US982652
    • 1992-12-01
    • Marcus E. Carr, Jr.
    • Marcus E. Carr, Jr.
    • G01N33/487G01N33/49G01N33/86G01N33/48
    • G01N33/4905
    • The performance of platelets can be best understood by monitoring both the force development and the elastic modulus of the blood clot during both clotting and dissolution of the blood clot. Intermittent application and removal of a compressive force on a blood sample (8) positioned between a pair of plates (12 and 14) throughout clot formation and dissolution provides a standard for using voltage output from a transducer (22) to determine force and elastic modulus parameters. Force development arises from the internal actions of the platelets during clot retraction. Elastic modulus provides a measure of the stiffness of the clot. Clotting can be measured as an increase in force development and clot elastic modulus. Clot dissolution can be determined by a dramatic decrease in force development and in elastic modulus. Providing the blood sample with a clot dissolving agent such as tPA allows determining the fibrinolytic potential of whole blood and, thus, aids in identifying patients at risk for thrombosis due to a decreased ability to dissolve clots. Clot elastic modulus provides a measure of erythrocyte flexibility.
    • 通过监测血块凝血和溶解期间血块的力发展和弹性模量,可以最好地了解血小板的表现。 在凝块形成和溶解过程中,定位在一对板(12和14)之间的血液样品(8)上的间歇施加和去除压缩力提供了使用来自换能器(22)的电压输出来确定力和弹性模量的标准 参数。 力发展起因于凝血块收缩期间血小板的内部作用。 弹性模量提供了凝块刚度的量度。 可以测量凝块的力发展和凝块弹性模量的增加。 凝血块溶解可以通过力发展和弹性模量的显着降低来确定。 为血液样本提供诸如tPA的凝块溶解剂允许确定全血的纤维蛋白溶解潜力,因此有助于鉴定由于溶血凝块的能力降低而导致血栓形成风险的患者。 凝块弹性模量提供了红细胞灵活性的量度。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Clot retractometer
    • 血栓收缩仪
    • US4986964A
    • 1991-01-22
    • US511040
    • 1990-04-19
    • Marcus E. Carr, Jr.Sheryl L. Zekert
    • Marcus E. Carr, Jr.Sheryl L. Zekert
    • G01N3/00G01N33/49
    • G01N33/4905G01N2203/0089
    • An instrument for measuring the internal force characteristics of a blood sample (12) during clotting has been developed. The blood sample (12) is held between a cup (10) and a plate (16). The plate (16) is connected to a force displacement transducer (22). As the clot forms, platelets contract and exert an inward pulling force on the plate (16). This inward pulling force is sensed by the transducer (22) which outputs a corresponding voltage signal. The voltage signal is amplified (24) and recorded on strip chart paper (28). The voltage signal (32) can be directly translated into force parameters by first calibrating the instrument with standard weights. It has been found that the maximum force measurements are obtained under controlled temperature, ionic strength and calcium concentration conditions which approximate those of the blood while in the body. A particular feature of the invention includes a water jacket (14) which is used to maintain the temperature of the blood sample (12) at 37.degree. C. (body temperature).
    • 已经开发了用于在凝血期间测量血液样品(12)的内部力特征的仪器。 血液样品(12)保持在杯(10)和板(16)之间。 板(16)连接到力位移传感器(22)。 当凝块形成时,血小板收缩并在板(16)上施加向内的拉力。 该向内的拉力由换能器(22)感测,其输出相应的电压信号。 电压信号被放大(24)并记录在条形图纸(28)上。 可以通过首先用标准重量校准仪器,将电压信号(32)直接转换成力参数。 已经发现,在受控温度,离子强度和钙浓度条件下获得最大力测量值,其在身体中与血液相似。 本发明的一个特征包括用于将血液样品(12)的温度维持在37℃(体温)的水套(14)。