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1. 发明申请

US20120076452A1 SENSING DEVICE HAVING A LARGE DIAMETER D-SHAPED OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE 有权
标题翻译：具有大直径D型光学波导的传感装置
公开(公告)号：US20120076452A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-29
申请号：US13311854
申请日：2011-12-06
申请人： Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Martin A. Putnam , Edward Michael Dowd
发明人： Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Martin A. Putnam , Edward Michael Dowd
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , B24B1/00 , C03C15/00 , B23P11/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , G01B11/18 , G01D5/353 , G01D5/3538 , G01K11/32 , G01L1/242 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/02052 , G02B6/03611 , G02B6/03627 , G02B6/03644 , G02B6/2817 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/29377 , G02B6/4214 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , Y10T29/49815 , Y10T29/49817
摘要： An optical sensor formed from an optical waveguide having at least one core surrounded by a cladding and a large diameter generally D-shaped portion is disclosed. Axial or compressive strain across the D-shaped cross section may be determined by measuring the change in polarization or birefringence of the light output from the sensor. A layer responsive to a parameter may be disposed on a flat portion of the D-shaped portion of the sensor. The refractive index of the layer changes and/or the layer applies a strain on the sensor in response to the parameter. Changes in the refractive index of the layer alters the light output from the sensor, which is measured over time and correlated to the parameter.
摘要翻译：公开了一种由光波导形成的光学传感器，该光波导具有由包层围绕的至少一个核心和大直径大致D形的部分。可以通过测量从传感器输出的光的偏振或双折射的变化来确定穿过D形横截面的轴向或压缩应变。响应于参数的层可以设置在传感器的D形部分的平坦部分上。层的折射率改变和/或层响应于参数在传感器上施加应变。层的折射率变化改变了传感器的光输出，其随时间测量并与参数相关。

2. 发明授权

US08073293B2 Sensing device having a large diameter D-shaped optical waveguide 有权
标题翻译：具有大直径D形光波导的感测装置
公开(公告)号：US08073293B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-06
申请号：US10756183
申请日：2004-01-13
申请人： Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Martin A. Putnam , Edward Michael Dowd
发明人： Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Martin A. Putnam , Edward Michael Dowd
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/02
CPC分类号： G01B11/18 , G01D5/35377 , G01D5/3538 , G01K11/32 , G01L1/242 , G02B6/02052 , G02B6/02057 , G02B6/274 , G02B6/2817 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/29334 , G02B6/4214 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019
摘要： An optical sensor formed from an optical waveguide having at least one core surrounded by a cladding and a large diameter generally D-shaped portion is disclosed. Axial or compressive strain across the D-shaped cross section may be determined by measuring the change in polarization or birefringence of the light output from the sensor. A layer responsive to a parameter may be disposed on a flat portion of the D-shaped portion of the sensor. The refractive index of the layer changes and/or the layer applies a strain on the sensor in response to the parameter. Changes in the refractive index of the layer alters the light output from the sensor, which is measured over time and correlated to the parameter.
摘要翻译：公开了一种由光波导形成的光学传感器，该光波导具有由包层围绕的至少一个核心和大直径大致D形的部分。可以通过测量从传感器输出的光的偏振或双折射的变化来确定穿过D形横截面的轴向或压缩应变。响应于参数的层可以设置在传感器的D形部分的平坦部分上。层的折射率改变和/或层响应于参数在传感器上施加应变。层的折射率变化改变了传感器的光输出，其随时间测量并与参数相关。

3. 发明授权

US08886001B2 Sensing device having a large diameter D-shaped optical waveguide 有权
标题翻译：具有大直径D形光波导的感测装置
公开(公告)号：US08886001B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-11
申请号：US13311854
申请日：2011-12-06
申请人： Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Martin A. Putnam , Edward Michael Dowd
发明人： Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Martin A. Putnam , Edward Michael Dowd
IPC分类号： G02B6/02 , H01S3/067 , G01B11/16 , G01D5/353 , G01K11/32 , G01L1/24 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/036 , G02B6/293 , G02B6/42 , H01S3/094
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , G01B11/18 , G01D5/353 , G01D5/3538 , G01K11/32 , G01L1/242 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/02052 , G02B6/03611 , G02B6/03627 , G02B6/03644 , G02B6/2817 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/29377 , G02B6/4214 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , Y10T29/49815 , Y10T29/49817
摘要： An optical sensor formed from an optical waveguide having at least one core surrounded by a cladding and a large diameter generally D-shaped portion is disclosed. Axial or compressive strain across the D-shaped cross section may be determined by measuring the change in polarization or birefringence of the light output from the sensor. A layer responsive to a parameter may be disposed on a flat portion of the D-shaped portion of the sensor. The refractive index of the layer changes and/or the layer applies a strain on the sensor in response to the parameter. Changes in the refractive index of the layer alters the light output from the sensor, which is measured over time and correlated to the parameter.
摘要翻译：公开了一种由光波导形成的光学传感器，该光波导具有由包层围绕的至少一个核心和大直径大致D形的部分。可以通过测量从传感器输出的光的偏振或双折射的变化来确定穿过D形横截面的轴向或压缩应变。响应于参数的层可以设置在传感器的D形部分的平坦部分上。层的折射率改变和/或层响应于参数在传感器上施加应变。层的折射率变化改变了传感器的光输出，其随时间测量并与参数相关。

4. 发明授权

US06813013B2 Pressure-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
标题翻译：压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器
公开(公告)号：US06813013B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-02
申请号：US10193876
申请日：2002-07-12
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Richard T. Jones , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Richard T. Jones , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01N2100
CPC分类号： G01K11/3206 , G01D5/35316 , G01K5/52
摘要： A pressure-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical element, which includes an optical fiber having at least one Bragg grating disposed therein. The Bragg grating is encased within and fused to at least a portion of an inner glass capillary tube, or comprises a large diameter waveguide grating having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating disposed therein, encased within an outer tube to form a chamber. An extended portion of the sensing element that has the grating therein extends inwardly into the chamber, which allows the grating to sense temperature changes but isolates the grating from external pressure. More than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings to form a temperature tuned laser, or the grating or gratings may be configured as a tunable DFB laser disposed in the sensing element.
摘要翻译：压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学元件，其包括其中布置有至少一个布拉格光栅的光纤。布拉格光栅被封装在内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中并且熔合到内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中，或包括具有芯和宽包层并且具有设置在其中的光栅的大直径波导光栅，该光栅包围在外管内以形成室。其中具有光栅的感测元件的延伸部分向内延伸到腔室中，这允许光栅感测温度变化，但是将光栅与外部压力隔离。可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。感测元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅之间以形成温度调节的激光器，或者光栅或光栅可被配置为设置在感测元件中的可调DFB激光器。

5. 发明授权

US06363089B1 Compression-tuned Bragg grating and laser 有权
标题翻译：压缩调谐布拉格光栅和激光
公开(公告)号：US06363089B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09691997
申请日：2000-10-19
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Michael A. Davis , Robert N. Brucato , Martin A. Putnam , Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Michael A. Davis , Robert N. Brucato , Martin A. Putnam , Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： H01S310
CPC分类号： G02F1/0115 , G02B6/0218 , G02B6/022 , G02F1/0128 , G02F2201/307
摘要： A compression-tuned bragg grating includes a tunable optical element 20,600 which includes either an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The tunable element 20,600 is axially compressed which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the grating 12 without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a “dogbone” shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber 10 or core 612 may be used. At least a portion of the element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the element 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 or tapered (or fluted) sections 27. The compression may be done by a PZT, stepper motor or other actuator or fluid pressure.
摘要翻译：压缩调谐布拉格光栅包括可调谐光学元件20,600，其包括光纤10，其具有印刷在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该光纤10被封装在玻璃毛细管20或大直径波导光栅600的至少一部分中并且熔合到其中，一个核心和宽广的包层。光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1反射。可调谐元件20,600被轴向压缩，这导致光栅12的反射波长的偏移而不使元件弯曲。元件的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤10或核612。元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间，以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。此外，元件20可以具有内锥形区域22或锥形（或凹槽）部分27.压缩可以由PZT，步进电动机或其他致动器或流体压力来实现。

6. 发明授权

US06982996B1 Large diameter optical waveguide, grating, and laser 有权
标题翻译：大直径光波导，光栅和激光
公开(公告)号：US06982996B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-03
申请号：US09455868
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders , Timothy J. Bailey , James M. Sullivan , Alan D. Kersey
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders , Timothy J. Bailey , James M. Sullivan , Alan D. Kersey
IPC分类号： H01S3/30 , G02B6/16
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/02042 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/06729 , H01S3/06754
摘要： A large diameter optical waveguide, grating, and laser includes a waveguide 10 having at least one core 12 surrounded by a cladding 14, the core propagating light in substantially a few transverse spatial modes; and having an outer waveguide dimension d2 of said waveguide being greater than about 0.3 mm. At least one Bragg grating 16 may be impressed in the waveguide 10. The waveguide 10 may be axially compressed which causes the length L of the waveguide 10 to decrease without buckling. The waveguide 10 may be used for any application where a waveguide needs to be compression tuned, e.g., compression-tuned fiber gratings and lasers or other applications. Also, the waveguide 10 exhibits lower mode coupling from the core 12 to the cladding 14 and allows for higher optical power to be used when writing gratings 16 without damaging the waveguide 10. The shape of the waveguide 10 may have other geometries (e.g., a “dogbone” shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one core may be used. The core and/or cladding 12,14 may be doped with a rare-earth dopant and/or may be photosensitive. At least a portion of the core 12 may be doped between a pair of gratings 50,52 to form a fiber laser or the grating 16 or may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser or an interactive fiber laser within the waveguide 10. The waveguide may resemble a short “block” or a longer “cane” type, depending on the application and dimensions used.
摘要翻译：大直径光波导，光栅和激光器包括具有由包层14围绕的至少一个芯12的波导10，芯以基本上几个横向空间模式传播光; 并且所述波导的外波导尺寸d 2大于约0.3mm。可以在波导10中施加至少一个布拉格光栅16.波导10可以被轴向压缩，这导致波导10的长度L在没有弯曲的情况下减小。波导管10可用于波导需要被压缩调谐的任何应用，例如压缩调谐的光纤光栅和激光器或其它应用。此外，波导10表现出从芯12到包层14的较低模式耦合，并且允许在写入光栅16时使用更高的光功率，而不损坏波导10.波导10的形状可具有其他几何形状（例如， “狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的核心。芯和/或包层12,14可掺杂稀土掺杂剂和/或可以是光敏的。芯12的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅50,52之间以形成光纤激光器或光栅16，或者可以被构造为波导10内的可调DFB光纤激光器或交互光纤激光器。波导可能类似于短的“块”或更长的“手杖”类型，具体取决于所使用的应用和尺寸。

7. 发明授权

US06776045B2 Bragg grating pressure sensor for industrial sensing applications 有权
标题翻译：用于工业传感应用的布拉格光栅压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US06776045B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US10007735
申请日：2001-11-08
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01L900
CPC分类号： G01L11/025
摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor for use in an industrial process includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected from the grating 12 at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element 20,600 may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing 48,60,90,270,300. When external pressure P increases, the grating 12 is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell 50. A temperature grating 270 may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The sensor may be suspended within an outer housing 112, by a fluid, spacers, or other means. The sensor may also be combined with an instrument, an opto-electronic converter and a controller in an industrial process control system.
摘要翻译：用于工业过程的光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12，该布置光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并与其融合，和/或具有芯和宽包层并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸的大直径波导光栅600。光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1从光栅12反射。感测元件20,600可以自身用作传感器或位于壳体48,60,270,300内。当外部压力P增加时，光栅12被压缩，反射波长λ1变化。感测元件20,600的形状可以具有其他几何形状，例如“狗骨”形状，以便增强由于施加的外部压力而导致的λ1偏移的灵敏度，并且可以将其熔合到外壳50.温度光栅270可以用于测量温度并允许进行温度校正的压力测量。传感器可以通过流体，间隔件或其他装置悬挂在外壳体112内。传感器还可以与工业过程控制系统中的仪器，光电转换器和控制器组合。

8. 发明授权

US06668656B2 Optical sensor having differing diameters 有权
标题翻译：具有不同直径的光学传感器
公开(公告)号：US06668656B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US10191710
申请日：2002-07-09
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01L900
CPC分类号： G01L11/025
摘要： A fiber Bragg grating based sensor is disclosed. The sensor comprises an optical waveguide having a core and a cladding. The core comprises a pressure sensor such as a fiber Bragg grating. In one embodiment, a support is affixed around the cladding which has two first portions each having a first diameter. The pressure sensor is located at a second portion of the support positioned between the two first portions which has a second smaller diameter, thus giving the sensor a “dog bone” shape. In another embodiment, the dog bone shape is imparted by positioning the pressure sensor at a portion of a waveguide having a reduced cladding diameter.
摘要翻译：公开了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅的传感器。传感器包括具有芯和包层的光波导。核心包括诸如光纤布拉格光栅的压力传感器。在一个实施例中，支撑件固定在包层周围，该包层具有两个各自具有第一直径的第一部分。所述压力传感器位于所述支撑件的位于所述两个第一部分之间的第二部分，所述第二部分具有第二较小的直径，从而使所述传感器成为“狗骨”形状。在另一个实施例中，通过将压力传感器定位在具有减小的包层直径的波导的部分处来施加狗骨形状。

9. 发明授权

US06470036B1 Tunable external cavity semiconductor laser incorporating a tunable bragg grating 有权
标题翻译：结合可调谐布拉格光栅的可调谐外腔半导体激光器
公开(公告)号：US06470036B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US09705326
申请日：2000-11-03
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Robert N. Brucato , Michael A. Davis , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Robert N. Brucato , Michael A. Davis , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis
IPC分类号： H01S310
CPC分类号： H01S5/141 , H01S3/1053 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/02248
摘要： A tunable external cavity semiconductor laser incorporating a tunable Bragg grating, including: a semiconductor gain medium; an elongated tuner housing having a tuner housing head and having a tuner housing foot, the tuner housing head and tuner housing foot being rigidly connected; a span of waveguide having a Bragg grating, for receiving the source light and for providing in turn the reflected light, and having a waveguide head and a waveguide foot, the waveguide head abutting the tuner housing head and the waveguide foot disposed toward the tuner housing foot; a piezoelectric crystal or other device or arrangement for providing a compressive force, disposed so as to abut the waveguide foot and also to abut the tuner housing foot, the means for applying a compressive force for exerting a compressive force on the span of waveguide along the direction of the axis of the span of waveguide, the compressive force being sufficient to alter the grating so as to affect the wavelength of light reflected by the grating. In some applications, the waveguide includes sections of different thicknesses, each having a sampled grating, the two sampled gratings being created so that at any given compressive force exerted by the piezoelectric crystal, the two gratings reflect at most one wavelength in common. The tunable laser in such an application therefore behaves as a stepped tunable laser.
摘要翻译：一种包含可调谐布拉格光栅的可调谐外腔半导体激光器，包括：半导体增益介质; 具有调谐器壳体头部并且具有调谐器壳体脚的细长调谐器壳体，调谐器壳体头部和调谐器壳体脚刚性连接; 具有布拉格光栅的波导的跨距，用于接收源光并反过来提供反射光，并具有波导头和波导脚，波导头邻近调谐器壳体头部和朝向调谐器壳体设置的波导脚脚丫子; 用于提供压缩力的压电晶体或其它装置或装置，其设置成邻接波导脚并且还抵靠调谐器壳体脚，用于施加压缩力以在波导跨度上施加压缩力的装置沿着波导跨距的方向，压缩力足以改变光栅，以便影响由光栅反射的光的波长。在一些应用中，波导包括不同厚度的部分，每个具有采样的光栅，两个采样的光栅被创建，使得在由压电晶体施加的任何给定的压缩力下，两个光栅共同反射至多一个波长。因此，在这种应用中的可调谐激光器作为阶梯式可调谐激光器。

10. 发明申请

US20120082175A1 LARGE DIAMETER OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE, GRATING AND LASER 有权
标题翻译：大直径光波导，光栅和激光
公开(公告)号：US20120082175A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-05
申请号：US13316069
申请日：2011-12-09
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders , Timothy J. Bailey , James M. Sullivan , Alan D. Kersey
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders , Timothy J. Bailey , James M. Sullivan , Alan D. Kersey
IPC分类号： H01S3/30 , G02B6/036 , H01S3/08 , G02B6/02
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/02042 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/06729 , H01S3/06754
摘要： A large diameter optical waveguide, grating, and laser includes a waveguide having at least one core surrounded by a cladding, the core propagating light in substantially a few transverse spatial modes; and having an outer waveguide dimension of said waveguide being greater than about 0.3 mm. At least one Bragg grating may be impressed in the waveguide. The waveguide may be axially compressed which causes the length of the waveguide to decrease without buckling. The waveguide may be used for any application where a waveguide needs to be compression tuned. Also, the waveguide exhibits lower mode coupling from the core to the cladding and allows for higher optical power to be used when writing gratings without damaging the waveguide. The waveguide may resemble a short “block” or a longer “cane” type, depending on the application and dimensions used.
摘要翻译：大直径光波导，光栅和激光器包括具有由包层围绕的至少一个核的波导，所述核以基本上几个横向空间模式传播光; 并且具有所述波导的外波导尺寸大于约0.3mm。至少一个布拉格光栅可以印在波导中。波导可以被轴向压缩，这导致波导的长度减小而没有弯曲。波导可以用于波导需要被压缩调谐的任何应用。此外，波导表现出从芯到包层的较低模式耦合，并且允许在写入光栅时使用更高的光功率而不损坏波导。根据使用的应用和尺寸，波导可能类似于短的“块”或更长的“手杖”类型。

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