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1. 发明授权

US10236576B2 Wireless power transfer using tunable metamaterial systems and methods 有权
公开(公告)号：US10236576B2
公开(公告)日：2019-03-19
申请号：US14986258
申请日：2015-12-31
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/28 , H01Q15/14 , H02J50/12 , H02J50/90 , H01Q15/10 , H01Q15/00 , H01Q21/06
摘要： The present disclosure provides system and methods for optimizing the tuning of impedance elements associate with sub-wavelength antenna elements to attain target radiation and/or field patterns. Both static and variable (tunable) antenna systems may be manufactured. Static embodiments may be entirely passive in some embodiments. A scattering matrix (S-Matrix) of field amplitudes for each of a plurality of modeled lumped ports, N, may be determined that includes a plurality of lumped antenna ports, Na, with impedance values corresponding to the impedance values of associated impedance elements and at least one modeled external port, Ne, located external to the antenna system at a specified radius vector. Impedance values may be identified through an optimization process, and the impedance elements may be tuned (dynamically or statically) to attain a specific target radiation pattern.

2. 发明申请

US20170155192A1 BEAM PATTERN SYNTHESIS FOR METAMATERIAL ANTENNAS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170155192A1
公开(公告)日：2017-06-01
申请号：US14954726
申请日：2015-11-30
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/46
CPC分类号： H01Q3/46 , H01Q3/44 , H01Q15/0086
摘要： A determined object wave can be approximately formed by applying a modulation pattern to metamaterial elements receiving RF energy from a feed network. For example, a desired object wave at a surface of an antenna is selected to be propagated into a far-field pattern. A computing system can compute an approximation of the object wave by calculating a modulation pattern to apply to metamaterial elements receiving RF energy from a feed network. The approximation can be due to a grid size of the metamaterial elements. Once the modulation pattern is determined, it can be applied to the metamaterial elements and the RF energy can be provided in the feed network, causing emission of the approximated object wave from the antenna.

3. 发明申请

US20150171514A1 SYSTEM WIRELESSLY TRANSFERRING POWER TO A TARGET DEVICE OVER A MODELED TRANSMISSION PATHWAY WITHOUT EXCEEDING A RADIATION LIMIT FOR HUMAN BEINGS 有权
标题翻译：在不超过人类辐射限制的模拟传输路径下，将系统无线传输到目标设备
公开(公告)号：US20150171514A1
公开(公告)日：2015-06-18
申请号：US14257415
申请日：2014-04-21
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Pai-Yen Chen , Tom Driscoll , Siamak Ebadi , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , Melroy Machado , Milton Perque, JR. , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H01Q3/247 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q15/002 , H01Q15/148 , H01Q19/067 , H02J50/23 , H02J50/60 , H02J50/80
摘要： Described embodiments include a system, method, and apparatus. The system includes an antenna comprising a sub-Nyquist holographic aperture configured to define selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on a surface of the antenna. A mapping engine models an environment within a space radiateable by the antenna. The environment includes a target device and a human being. An optimization circuit selects responsive to the model of the environment a power transmission regime. The power transmission regime includes radiation pattern shaped to wirelessly transfer electromagnetic power from the antenna to the target device without exceeding a radiation exposure limit for humans. A gain definition circuit selects a complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field implementing the selected power transmission regime from the at least two selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. An antenna controller defines the selected arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field in the sub-Nyquist holographic aperture.
摘要翻译：所描述的实施例包括系统，方法和装置。该系统包括天线，其包括被配置为在天线的表面上限定可选择的任意复合射频电磁场的子奈奎斯特全息孔。映射引擎模拟天线辐射的空间内的环境。环境包括目标设备和人类。优化电路根据环境模型选择电力传输方式。功率传输方式包括成形为将电磁功率从天线无线地传输到目标设备的辐射图，而不超过人的辐射暴露极限。增益定义电路从所述至少两个可选择的任意复合射频电磁场中选择实现所选功率传输方案的复合射频电磁场。天线控制器定义了亚奈奎斯特全息孔径中选定的任意复合射频电磁场。

4. 发明申请

US20150171513A1 SYSTEM WIRELESSLY TRANSFERRING POWER TO A TARGET DEVICE OVER A TESTED TRANSMISSION PATHWAY 有权
标题翻译：经过测试的传输路径，系统将无线传输功率传输到目标设备
公开(公告)号：US20150171513A1
公开(公告)日：2015-06-18
申请号：US14257386
申请日：2014-04-21
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Pai-Yen Chen , Tom Driscoll , Siamak Ebadi , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , Melroy Machado , Milton Perque, JR. , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H01Q3/247 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q15/002 , H01Q15/148 , H01Q19/067 , H02J50/23 , H02J50/60 , H02J50/80
摘要： Described embodiments include a system, method, and apparatus. A system includes an antenna comprising a sub-Nyquist holographic aperture configured to define selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on a surface of the antenna. A path analysis engine tests power transmission pathways from the antenna to a target device located in an environment within a space radiateable by the antenna. The environment includes a human being. An optimization circuit selects responsive to the tested power transmission pathways a power transmission regime. The regime includes an electromagnetic radiation pattern shaped to transfer radiofrequency electromagnetic power from the antenna to the target device without exceeding a radiation exposure limit for humans. A gain definition circuit selects a complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field implementing the selected power transmission regime from the at least two selectable, complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. An antenna controller defines the selected arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field in the sub-Nyquist holographic aperture.
摘要翻译：所描述的实施例包括系统，方法和装置。一种系统包括天线，其包括被配置为在天线的表面上限定可选择的任意复合射频电磁场的子奈奎斯特全息孔。路径分析引擎测试从天线到位于由天线辐射的空间内的环境中的目标设备的电力传输路径。环境包括人类。优化电路根据测试的电力传输路径选择电力传输方式。该装置包括形成为将射频电磁功率从天线传送到目标装置的电磁辐射图，而不超过人的辐射暴露极限。增益定义电路从所述至少两个可选择的复合射频电磁场中选择实现所选择的功率传输方案的复合射频电磁场。天线控制器定义了亚奈奎斯特全息孔径中选定的任意复合射频电磁场。

5. 发明授权

US10439715B2 Massively multi-user MIMO using space time holography 有权
公开(公告)号：US10439715B2
公开(公告)日：2019-10-08
申请号：US15409394
申请日：2017-01-18
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H04B10/116 , H04B7/0452 , H01Q15/00 , H01Q25/00
摘要： Disclosed are antenna systems, wireless antenna controllers, and related methods. An antenna system includes a configured to receive an electromagnetic (EM) signal and propagate the EM signal as an EM reference wave. The antenna system also includes a tunable EM scattering elements, and a wireless controller. A wireless antenna controller includes an EM emitter configured to emit EM radiation to EM filters. The EM filters are configured to pass different sub-ranges of a frequency range of the EM radiation to the tunable EM scattering elements. A method includes wirelessly controlling the tunable EM scattering elements to deliver a different information streams to different far-end locations. A method includes controlling the EM emitter to modulate frequency content of the EM radiation to cause the tunable EM scattering elements to operate collectively according to different modulation patterns.

6. 发明授权

US10050344B2 Beam pattern synthesis for metamaterial antennas 有权
公开(公告)号：US10050344B2
公开(公告)日：2018-08-14
申请号：US14954726
申请日：2015-11-30
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/46
摘要： A determined object wave can be approximately formed by applying a modulation pattern to metamaterial elements receiving RF energy from a feed network. For example, a desired object wave at a surface of an antenna is selected to be propagated into a far-field pattern. A computing system can compute an approximation of the object wave by calculating a modulation pattern to apply to metamaterial elements receiving RF energy from a feed network. The approximation can be due to a grid size of the metamaterial elements. Once the modulation pattern is determined, it can be applied to the metamaterial elements and the RF energy can be provided in the feed network, causing emission of the approximated object wave from the antenna.

7. 发明授权

US10236574B2 Holographic aperture antenna configured to define selectable, arbitrary complex electromagnetic fields 有权
公开(公告)号：US10236574B2
公开(公告)日：2019-03-19
申请号：US14257187
申请日：2014-04-21
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Pai-Yen Chen , Tom Driscoll , Siamak Ebadi , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , Melroy Machado , Milton Perque, Jr. , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H02J50/23 , H02J50/60 , H01Q19/06 , H01Q15/00 , H02J50/80 , H01Q15/14 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q3/24
摘要： Described embodiments include an antenna and a method. In an embodiment, the antenna includes a holographic aperture having a surface including a plurality of individual electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed thereon with a periodic inter-element spacing equal to or less than one-half of a free space wavelength of an operating frequency of the antenna. The aperture is configured to define at least two selectable complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the surface with tangential wavenumbers up to 2π over the aperture element spacing (k_apt=2π/a). In an embodiment, the holographic aperture includes an amplitude and phase modulation holographic aperture. In an embodiment, each electromagnetic wave scattering element has a respective electronically controllable electromagnetic response to an incident radiofrequency electromagnetic wave, and the plurality of individual electromagnetic wave scattering elements are electronically controllable in combination to define the at least two selectable complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the surface.

8. 发明申请

US20180006376A1 MASSIVELY MULTI-USER MIMO USING SPACE TIME HOLOGRAPHY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180006376A1
公开(公告)日：2018-01-04
申请号：US15409394
申请日：2017-01-18
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q9/04 , H04B7/0452 , H01Q1/52
摘要： Disclosed are antenna systems, wireless antenna controllers, and related methods. An antenna system includes a configured to receive an electromagnetic (EM) signal and propagate the EM signal as an EM reference wave. The antenna system also includes a tunable EM scattering elements, and a wireless controller. A wireless antenna controller includes an EM emitter configured to emit EM radiation to EM filters. The EM filters are configured to pass different sub-ranges of a frequency range of the EM radiation to the tunable EM scattering elements. A method includes wirelessly controlling the tunable EM scattering elements to deliver a different information streams to different far-end locations. A method includes controlling the EM emitter to modulate frequency content of the EM radiation to cause the tunable EM scattering elements to operate collectively according to different modulation patterns.

9. 发明申请

US20170279196A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING INTERMODULATION FOR ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED ADAPTIVE ANTENNA ARRAYS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170279196A1
公开(公告)日：2017-09-28
申请号：US15077703
申请日：2016-03-22
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/36 , H01Q21/00 , H01Q3/26 , H01Q1/36
CPC分类号： H01Q3/36 , H01Q1/36 , H01Q3/2605 , H01Q5/314 , H01Q15/0066 , H01Q21/00 , H01Q21/08 , H01Q21/30
摘要： The present disclosure provides a system and methods for mitigating, or reducing, the intermodulation of an adaptive antenna array's radiating elements. A tunable element may be used with a bias component to increase linearity of the system. These tunable elements may modify a radiating element's capacitance or damping rate. Adjusting the shape of the radiating element or using switches may also modify the resonance strength. Variable couplers may further be added to a system to reduce intermodulation. An adaptive antenna array using the techniques described herein may have all or some of the elements co-located.

10. 发明申请

US20170069969A1 WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER USING TUNABLE METAMATERIAL SYSTEMS AND METHODS 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用可移动元件系统和方法进行无线电力传输
公开(公告)号：US20170069969A1
公开(公告)日：2017-03-09
申请号：US14986255
申请日：2015-12-31
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Eric J. Black , Brian Mark Deutsch , Alexander Remley Katko , Melroy Machado , Jay Howard McCandless , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/36 , H02J50/90 , H02J50/12
CPC分类号： H02J50/12 , H01Q3/36 , H01Q15/0066 , H01Q15/008 , H01Q15/0086 , H02J50/20 , H02J50/60 , H02J50/90
摘要： The present disclosure provides system and methods for optimizing the tuning of impedance elements associate with sub-wavelength antenna elements to attain target radiation and/or field patterns. A scattering matrix (S-Matrix) of field amplitudes for each of a plurality of modeled lumped ports, N, may be determined that includes a plurality of lumped antenna ports, Na, with impedance values corresponding to the impedance values of associated impedance elements and at least one modeled external port, Ne, located external to the antenna system at a specified radius vector. Impedance values may be identified through an optimization process, and the impedance elements may be tuned (dynamically or statically) to attain a specific target radiation pattern.
摘要翻译：本公开提供用于优化与子波长天线元件相关联的阻抗元件的调谐以实现目标辐射和/或场图案的系统和方法。可以确定多个建模集总端口N中的每一个的场幅度的散射矩阵（S-Matrix），其包括多个集总天线端口Na，阻抗值对应于相关阻抗元件的阻抗值，至少一个建模的外部端口Ne，以指定的半径向量位于天线系统的外部。可以通过优化过程来识别阻抗值，并且可以调整（动态地或静态地）阻抗元件以获得特定的目标辐射图。

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