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1. 发明授权

US10236574B2 Holographic aperture antenna configured to define selectable, arbitrary complex electromagnetic fields 有权
公开(公告)号：US10236574B2
公开(公告)日：2019-03-19
申请号：US14257187
申请日：2014-04-21
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Pai-Yen Chen , Tom Driscoll , Siamak Ebadi , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , Melroy Machado , Milton Perque, Jr. , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H02J50/23 , H02J50/60 , H01Q19/06 , H01Q15/00 , H02J50/80 , H01Q15/14 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q3/24
摘要： Described embodiments include an antenna and a method. In an embodiment, the antenna includes a holographic aperture having a surface including a plurality of individual electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed thereon with a periodic inter-element spacing equal to or less than one-half of a free space wavelength of an operating frequency of the antenna. The aperture is configured to define at least two selectable complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the surface with tangential wavenumbers up to 2π over the aperture element spacing (k_apt=2π/a). In an embodiment, the holographic aperture includes an amplitude and phase modulation holographic aperture. In an embodiment, each electromagnetic wave scattering element has a respective electronically controllable electromagnetic response to an incident radiofrequency electromagnetic wave, and the plurality of individual electromagnetic wave scattering elements are electronically controllable in combination to define the at least two selectable complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the surface.

2. 发明授权

US09570812B2 Holographic mode conversion for electromagnetic radiation 有权
标题翻译：电磁辐射的全息模式转换
公开(公告)号：US09570812B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-14
申请号：US14638961
申请日：2015-03-04
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Tom Driscoll , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： G03H1/08 , H01Q19/02 , G03H5/00 , G02B5/32 , G02B1/00 , G03H1/04 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y50/00 , B33Y80/00
CPC分类号： H01Q19/02 , B29C64/386 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y50/00 , B33Y80/00 , G02B1/002 , G02B5/32 , G03H1/0476 , G03H1/0808 , G03H5/00
摘要： The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with mode conversion for electromagnetic field modification. A mode converting structure (holographic metamaterial) is formed with a distribution of dielectric constants chosen to convert an input electromagnetic field pattern from a first mode to a second mode to attain a target electromagnetic field pattern (near or far) that is different from the input electromagnetic field pattern. A solution to a holographic equation provides a sufficiently accurate approximation of a distribution of dielectric constants that can be used in conjunction with an electromagnetic radiation device with a known output field pattern to attain a target field pattern. A voxel-based discretization of the distribution of dielectric constants can be used to generate the mode converting structure and/or to facilitate the optimization algorithms. One or more optimization algorithms can be used to improve the efficiency of the mode conversion.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了与用于电磁场修改的模式转换相关联的系统和方法。模式转换结构（全息超材料）形成为具有选择的介电常数分布，以将输入电磁场图案从第一模式转换为第二模式，以获得与输入不同的目标电磁场图案（近或远）电磁场模式。全息方程式的解决方案提供了足够精确的介电常数分布的近似值，该介电常数的分布可与具有已知输出场模式的电磁辐射装置结合使用以获得目标场模式。可以使用基于体素的介电常数分布的离散化来生成模式转换结构和/或促进优化算法。可以使用一种或多种优化算法来提高模式转换的效率。

3. 发明申请

US20160327745A1 HOLOGRAPHIC MODE CONVERSION FOR TRANSMISSION LINES 有权
标题翻译：传输线的全息模式转换
公开(公告)号：US20160327745A1
公开(公告)日：2016-11-10
申请号：US14708043
申请日：2015-05-08
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Tom Driscoll , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B27/28 , G02B1/00 , G02B5/32
CPC分类号： H01P1/16 , G02B1/002 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/2848 , G02B27/286 , G03H1/0005 , G03H1/0808 , H01P5/022 , H01P5/19 , H01P5/20 , H01P5/222 , H01Q1/42 , H01Q13/02 , H01Q13/06 , H01Q15/02 , H01Q19/062 , H01Q19/067
摘要： The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with mode conversion for electromagnetic field modification. A mode converting structure (holographic metamaterial) is formed with a distribution of dielectric constants chosen to convert an electromagnetic radiation pattern from a first mode to a second mode to attain a target electromagnetic radiation pattern that is different from the input electromagnetic radiation pattern. A solution to a holographic equation provides a sufficiently accurate approximation of a distribution of dielectric constants that can be used to form a mode converting device for use with one or more transmission lines, such as waveguides. One or more optimization algorithms can be used to improve the efficiency of the mode conversion.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了与用于电磁场修改的模式转换相关联的系统和方法。模式转换结构（全息超材料）形成为具有选择的介电常数分布，以将电磁辐射图从第一模式转换为第二模式，以获得不同于输入电磁辐射图的目标电磁辐射图。全息方程式的解决方案提供了可用于形成用于一个或多个传输线（例如波导）的模式转换装置的介电常数分布的足够精确的近似。可以使用一种或多种优化算法来提高模式转换的效率。

4. 发明申请

US20150276928A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A SURFACE SCATTERING ANTENNA ARRAY 有权
标题翻译：用于控制表面散射天线阵列的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20150276928A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-01
申请号：US14485316
申请日：2014-09-12
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Jeffrey A. Bowers , David Jones Brady , Tom Driscoll , John Desmond Hunt , Roderick A. Hyde , Nathan Ingle Landy , Guy Shlomo Lipworth , Alexander Mrozack , David R. Smith , Clarence T. Tegreene
IPC分类号： G01S13/89 , H01Q19/10 , H01Q3/24
CPC分类号： H01Q19/10 , G01S13/887 , H01Q3/24
摘要： An array of scattering and/or reflector antennas are configured to produce a series of beam patterns, where in some embodiments the scattering antenna and/or the reflector antenna includes complementary metamaterial elements. In some embodiments circuitry may be configured to set a series of conditions corresponding to the array to produce the series of beam patterns, and to produce an image of an object that is illuminated by the series of beam patterns.
摘要翻译：散射和/或反射器天线的阵列被配置成产生一系列波束图案，其中在一些实施例中，散射天线和/或反射器天线包括互补的超材料元件。在一些实施例中，电路可以被配置为设置与阵列相对应的一系列条件以产生一系列波束图案，并且产生由一系列波束图案照明的物体的图像。

5. 发明申请

US20190273298A1 HOLOGRAPHIC MODE CONVERSION FOR TRANSMISSION LINES 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20190273298A1
公开(公告)日：2019-09-05
申请号：US16293444
申请日：2019-03-05
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： TOM DRISCOLL , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01P1/16 , G02B1/00 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02B27/28 , H01Q19/06 , H01Q15/02 , G02B5/32 , G03H1/00 , G03H1/08
摘要： The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with mode conversion for electromagnetic field modification. A mode converting structure (holographic metamaterial) is formed with a distribution of dielectric constants chosen to convert an electromagnetic radiation pattern from a first mode to a second mode to attain a target electromagnetic radiation pattern that is different from the input electromagnetic radiation pattern. A solution to a holographic equation provides a sufficiently accurate approximation of a distribution of dielectric constants that can be used to form a mode converting device for use with one or more transmission lines, such as waveguides. One or more optimization algorithms can be used to improve the efficiency of the mode conversion.

6. 发明授权

US09935375B2 Surface scattering reflector antenna 有权
公开(公告)号：US09935375B2
公开(公告)日：2018-04-03
申请号：US14102253
申请日：2013-12-10
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Jeffrey A. Bowers , David Jones Brady , Tom Driscoll , John Desmond Hunt , Roderick A. Hyde , Nathan Ingle Landy , Guy Shlomo Lipworth , Alexander Mrozack , David R. Smith , Clarence T. Tegreene
IPC分类号： G01S1/00 , G01S1/12 , H01Q15/00
CPC分类号： H01Q15/006 , H01Q3/44 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q15/0086
摘要： A surface scattering reflector antenna includes a plurality of adjustable scattering elements and is configured to produce a reflected beam pattern according to the configuration of the adjustable scattering elements.

7. 发明授权

US09843103B2 Methods and apparatus for controlling a surface scattering antenna array 有权
公开(公告)号：US09843103B2
公开(公告)日：2017-12-12
申请号：US14485316
申请日：2014-09-12
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Jeffrey A. Bowers , David Jones Brady , Tom Driscoll , John Desmond Hunt , Roderick A. Hyde , Nathan Ingle Landy , Guy Shlomo Lipworth , Alexander Mrozack , David R. Smith , Clarence T. Tegreene
IPC分类号： H01Q19/10 , G01S13/88 , H01Q3/24 , H01Q19/00 , H01Q3/00
CPC分类号： H01Q19/10 , G01S13/887 , H01Q3/24
摘要： An array of scattering and/or reflector antennas are configured to produce a series of beam patterns, where in some embodiments the scattering antenna and/or the reflector antenna includes complementary metamaterial elements. In some embodiments circuitry may be configured to set a series of conditions corresponding to the array to produce the series of beam patterns, and to produce an image of an object that is illuminated by the series of beam patterns.

8. 发明申请

US20160261049A1 HOLOGRAPHIC MODE CONVERSION FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 有权
标题翻译：用于电磁辐射的全息图模式转换
公开(公告)号：US20160261049A1
公开(公告)日：2016-09-08
申请号：US14638961
申请日：2015-03-04
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Tom Driscoll , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q19/02 , G03H1/04 , G02B1/00 , G03H1/08 , G03H5/00 , G02B5/32
CPC分类号： H01Q19/02 , B29C64/386 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y50/00 , B33Y80/00 , G02B1/002 , G02B5/32 , G03H1/0476 , G03H1/0808 , G03H5/00
摘要： The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with mode conversion for electromagnetic field modification. A mode converting structure (holographic metamaterial) is formed with a distribution of dielectric constants chosen to convert an input electromagnetic field pattern from a first mode to a second mode to attain a target electromagnetic field pattern (near or far) that is different from the input electromagnetic field pattern. A solution to a holographic equation provides a sufficiently accurate approximation of a distribution of dielectric constants that can be used in conjunction with an electromagnetic radiation device with a known output field pattern to attain a target field pattern. A voxel-based discretization of the distribution of dielectric constants can be used to generate the mode converting structure and/or to facilitate the optimization algorithms. One or more optimization algorithms can be used to improve the efficiency of the mode conversion.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了与用于电磁场修改的模式转换相关联的系统和方法。模式转换结构（全息超材料）形成为具有选择的介电常数分布，以将输入电磁场图案从第一模式转换为第二模式，以获得与输入不同的目标电磁场图案（近或远）电磁场模式。全息方程式的解决方案提供了足够精确的介电常数分布的近似值，该介电常数的分布可与具有已知输出场模式的电磁辐射装置结合使用以获得目标场模式。可以使用基于体素的介电常数分布的离散化来生成模式转换结构和/或促进优化算法。可以使用一种或多种优化算法来提高模式转换的效率。

9. 发明申请

US20150171514A1 SYSTEM WIRELESSLY TRANSFERRING POWER TO A TARGET DEVICE OVER A MODELED TRANSMISSION PATHWAY WITHOUT EXCEEDING A RADIATION LIMIT FOR HUMAN BEINGS 有权
标题翻译：在不超过人类辐射限制的模拟传输路径下，将系统无线传输到目标设备
公开(公告)号：US20150171514A1
公开(公告)日：2015-06-18
申请号：US14257415
申请日：2014-04-21
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Pai-Yen Chen , Tom Driscoll , Siamak Ebadi , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , Melroy Machado , Milton Perque, JR. , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H01Q3/247 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q15/002 , H01Q15/148 , H01Q19/067 , H02J50/23 , H02J50/60 , H02J50/80
摘要： Described embodiments include a system, method, and apparatus. The system includes an antenna comprising a sub-Nyquist holographic aperture configured to define selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on a surface of the antenna. A mapping engine models an environment within a space radiateable by the antenna. The environment includes a target device and a human being. An optimization circuit selects responsive to the model of the environment a power transmission regime. The power transmission regime includes radiation pattern shaped to wirelessly transfer electromagnetic power from the antenna to the target device without exceeding a radiation exposure limit for humans. A gain definition circuit selects a complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field implementing the selected power transmission regime from the at least two selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. An antenna controller defines the selected arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field in the sub-Nyquist holographic aperture.
摘要翻译：所描述的实施例包括系统，方法和装置。该系统包括天线，其包括被配置为在天线的表面上限定可选择的任意复合射频电磁场的子奈奎斯特全息孔。映射引擎模拟天线辐射的空间内的环境。环境包括目标设备和人类。优化电路根据环境模型选择电力传输方式。功率传输方式包括成形为将电磁功率从天线无线地传输到目标设备的辐射图，而不超过人的辐射暴露极限。增益定义电路从所述至少两个可选择的任意复合射频电磁场中选择实现所选功率传输方案的复合射频电磁场。天线控制器定义了亚奈奎斯特全息孔径中选定的任意复合射频电磁场。

10. 发明申请

US20150171513A1 SYSTEM WIRELESSLY TRANSFERRING POWER TO A TARGET DEVICE OVER A TESTED TRANSMISSION PATHWAY 有权
标题翻译：经过测试的传输路径，系统将无线传输功率传输到目标设备
公开(公告)号：US20150171513A1
公开(公告)日：2015-06-18
申请号：US14257386
申请日：2014-04-21
申请人： Elwha LLC
发明人： Pai-Yen Chen , Tom Driscoll , Siamak Ebadi , John Desmond Hunt , Nathan Ingle Landy , Melroy Machado , Milton Perque, JR. , David R. Smith , Yaroslav A. Urzhumov
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H01Q3/247 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q15/002 , H01Q15/148 , H01Q19/067 , H02J50/23 , H02J50/60 , H02J50/80
摘要： Described embodiments include a system, method, and apparatus. A system includes an antenna comprising a sub-Nyquist holographic aperture configured to define selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on a surface of the antenna. A path analysis engine tests power transmission pathways from the antenna to a target device located in an environment within a space radiateable by the antenna. The environment includes a human being. An optimization circuit selects responsive to the tested power transmission pathways a power transmission regime. The regime includes an electromagnetic radiation pattern shaped to transfer radiofrequency electromagnetic power from the antenna to the target device without exceeding a radiation exposure limit for humans. A gain definition circuit selects a complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field implementing the selected power transmission regime from the at least two selectable, complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. An antenna controller defines the selected arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field in the sub-Nyquist holographic aperture.
摘要翻译：所描述的实施例包括系统，方法和装置。一种系统包括天线，其包括被配置为在天线的表面上限定可选择的任意复合射频电磁场的子奈奎斯特全息孔。路径分析引擎测试从天线到位于由天线辐射的空间内的环境中的目标设备的电力传输路径。环境包括人类。优化电路根据测试的电力传输路径选择电力传输方式。该装置包括形成为将射频电磁功率从天线传送到目标装置的电磁辐射图，而不超过人的辐射暴露极限。增益定义电路从所述至少两个可选择的复合射频电磁场中选择实现所选择的功率传输方案的复合射频电磁场。天线控制器定义了亚奈奎斯特全息孔径中选定的任意复合射频电磁场。

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