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1. 发明授权

US08259130B2 Color buffer contrast threshold for adaptive anti-aliasing 有权
标题翻译：用于自适应抗锯齿的彩色缓冲区对比度阈值
公开(公告)号：US08259130B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US11693221
申请日：2007-03-29
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： According to one embodiment of the invention, by increasing the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels with colors of high contrast while maintaining the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels which do not have colors of high contrast, a ray tracing image processing system may render an anti-aliased image while minimizing the increase in workload experienced by the image processing system. Additionally, according to another embodiment of the invention, by maintaining the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels which have colors of low contrast while increasing the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels which do not have colors of low contrast, the image processing system may reduce workload experienced while performing ray tracing while maintaining the quality of the rendered image.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的一个实施例，通过在保持通过不具有高对比度的颜色的相邻像素发出的光线的数量的同时增加通过相邻像素发出的具有高对比度的颜色的光线数量，光线跟踪图像处理系统可以呈现抗锯齿图像，同时最小化图像处理系统经历的工作量的增加。此外，根据本发明的另一实施例，通过保持通过具有低对比度的颜色的相邻像素发出的光线的数量，同时增加通过不具有低对比度的颜色的相邻像素发出的光线的数量，图像处理系统减少在执行光线跟踪同时保持渲染图像的质量时遇到的工作量。

2. 发明授权

US08139060B2 Ray tracing image processing system 有权
标题翻译：光线跟踪图像处理系统
公开(公告)号：US08139060B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-20
申请号：US11563978
申请日：2006-11-28
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G06T15/10 , G06T15/20 , G06T15/50 , G06T15/60
CPC分类号： G06T15/40 , G06T15/06
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, a normally recursive ray tracing algorithm may be partitioned to form an iterative ray tracing algorithm. The resulting portions of the iterative ray tracing algorithm may be executed by a plurality of processing elements. Furthermore, according to embodiments of the invention, a network of inboxes may be used to transfer information which defines original rays and secondary rays (information unlikely to be reused for subsequently issued rays and subsequently rendered frames) between processing elements, and a shared memory cache may store information relating to a three dimensional scene (information likely to be reused for subsequently issued rays and subsequently rendered frames). Using a plurality of processing elements to perform ray tracing and storing information in the shared memory cache which is likely to be reused for subsequent rays and subsequent frames, the performance of a ray tracing image processing system may be improved.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，正常递归光线跟踪算法可以被分割以形成迭代光线跟踪算法。迭代光线跟踪算法的结果部分可以由多个处理元件执行。此外，根据本发明的实施例，可以使用收件箱网络来传送定义在处理元件之间的原始光线和次级光线（不太可能再次用于随后发出的光线和随后渲染的帧的信息）的信息，以及共享存储器高速缓存可以存储与三维场景有关的信息（可能再次用于随后发出的光线和随后渲染的帧的信息）。使用多个处理元件来执行光线跟踪并且将信息存储在共享存储器高速缓存中，这可能被重用于后续的光线和后续的帧，可以提高光线跟踪图像处理系统的性能。

3. 发明授权

US08284195B2 Cooperative utilization of spatial indices between application and rendering hardware 失效
标题翻译：应用与渲染硬件之间空间索引的协同利用
公开(公告)号：US08284195B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-09
申请号：US11854617
申请日：2007-09-13
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Robert Allen Shearer
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Robert Allen Shearer
IPC分类号： G06T15/40
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, a data structure may be created which may be used by both a ray tracing unit and by a rendering engine. The data structure may have an initial or upper portion representing bounding volumes which partition a three-dimensional scene and a second or lower portion representing objects within the three-dimensional scene. The integrated acceleration data structure may be used by a rendering engine to render a two-dimensional image from a three-dimensional scene, and by a ray tracing unit to perform intersection tests.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，可以创建可由光线跟踪单元和渲染引擎使用的数据结构。数据结构可以具有表示划分三维场景的界限体积的初始或上部，以及表示三维场景内的对象的第二或更低部分。集成的加速度数据结构可以由渲染引擎用来从三维场景渲染二维图像，并由光线跟踪单元进行交叉测试。

4. 发明授权

US08022950B2 Stochastic culling of rays with increased depth of recursion 有权
标题翻译：随机递推深度的光线剔除
公开(公告)号：US08022950B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-20
申请号：US11627464
申请日：2007-01-26
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/40 , G06T15/06
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, rays may be stochastically culled before they are issued into the three-dimensional scene. Stochastically culling rays may reduce the number of rays which need to be traced by the image processing system. Furthermore, by stochastically culling rays before they are issued into the three-dimensional scene, minor imperfections may be added to the final rendered image, thereby improving the realism of the rendered image. Therefore, stochastic culling of rays may improve the performance of the image processing system by reducing workload imposed on the image processing system and improving the realism of the images rendered by the image processing system. According to another embodiment of the invention, the realism of images rendered by the image processing system may also be improved by stochastically adding secondary rays after ray-primitive intersections have occurred.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，射线可以在它们被发放到三维场景之前被随机地淘汰。随机剔除光线可能减少图像处理系统需要追踪的光线数量。此外，通过在将它们发布到三维场景之前随机剔除光线，可以将最小的缺陷添加到最终渲染图像，从而改善渲染图像的真实性。因此，通过减少图像处理系统的工作量，提高图像处理系统所呈现的图像的真实性，可以提高图像处理系统的性能。根据本发明的另一个实施例，图像处理系统呈现的图像的真实性也可以通过在发生光线原始交点之后随机添加二次光线来改善。

5. 发明授权

US07852336B2 Dynamic determination of optimal spatial index mapping to processor thread resources 失效
标题翻译：动态确定处理器线程资源的最优空间索引映射
公开(公告)号：US07852336B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US11563772
申请日：2006-11-28
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Robert Allen Shearer
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Robert Allen Shearer
IPC分类号： G06T15/50 , G06T15/60 , G06T15/10 , G06T15/20
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , G06T15/06
摘要： By mapping leaf nodes of a spatial index to processing elements, efficient distribution of workload in an image processing system may be achieved. In addition, processing elements may use a thread table to redistribute workload from processing elements which are experiencing an increased workload to processing elements which may be idle. Furthermore, the workload experienced by processing elements may be monitored in order to determine if workload is balanced. Periodically the leaf nodes for which processing elements are responsible may be remapped in response to a detected imbalance in workload. By monitoring the workload experienced by the processing elements and remapping leaf nodes to different processing elements in response to unbalanced workload, efficient distribution of workload may be maintained. Efficient distribution of workload may improve the performance of the image processing system.
摘要翻译：通过将空间索引的叶节点映射到处理元素，可以实现图像处理系统中的工作负载的有效分布。此外，处理元件可以使用线程表来将正在经历增加的工作负载的处理元件的工作负载重新分配给处理可能是空闲的元件。此外，可以监视处理元件所经历的工作负载，以确定工作负载是否平衡。响应于检测到的工作负载不平衡，周期性地对处理元件负责的叶节点进行重新映射。通过监视处理元件所遇到的工作量并响应不平衡工作负载将叶节点重新映射到不同的处理元件，可以保持工作负载的有效分配。工作负载的高效分配可能会提高图像处理系统的性能。

6. 发明申请

US20090073167A1 Cooperative Utilization of Spacial Indices Between Application and Rendering Hardware 失效
标题翻译：应用与渲染硬件之间的空间指标协同利用
公开(公告)号：US20090073167A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-19
申请号：US11854617
申请日：2007-09-13
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Robert Allen Shearer
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Robert Allen Shearer
IPC分类号： G06T15/40
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, a data structure may be created which may be used by both a ray tracing unit and by a rendering engine. The data structure may have an initial or upper portion representing bounding volumes which partition a three-dimensional scene and a second or lower portion representing objects within the three-dimensional scene. The integrated acceleration data structure may be used by a rendering engine to render a two-dimensional image from a three-dimensional scene, and by a ray tracing unit to perform intersection tests.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，可以创建可由光线跟踪单元和渲染引擎使用的数据结构。数据结构可以具有表示划分三维场景的界限体积的初始或上部，以及表示三维场景内的对象的第二或更低部分。集成的加速度数据结构可以由渲染引擎用来从三维场景渲染二维图像，并由光线跟踪单元进行交叉测试。

7. 发明申请

US20090019228A1 Data Cache Invalidate with Data Dependent Expiration Using a Step Value 有权
标题翻译：数据缓存使用步进值与数据相关到期失效
公开(公告)号：US20090019228A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-15
申请号：US11776731
申请日：2007-07-12
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Kenneth Michael Valk
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Kenneth Michael Valk
IPC分类号： G06F12/12
CPC分类号： G06F12/0895 , Y02D10/13
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, a step value and a step-interval cache coherency protocol may be used to update and invalidate data stored within cache memory. A step value may be an integer value and may be stored within a cache directory entry associated with data in the memory cache. Upon reception of a cache read request, along with the normal address comparison to determine if the data is located within the cache a current step value may be compared with the stored step value to determine if the data is current. If the step values match, the data may be current and a cache hit may occur. However, if the step values do not match, the requested data may be provided from another source. Furthermore, an application may update the current step value to invalidate old data stored within the cache and associated with a different step value.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，可以使用步长值和步进间隔高速缓存一致性协议来更新和使存储在高速缓冲存储器中的数据无效。步数值可以是整数值，并且可以存储在与存储器高速缓存中的数据相关联的高速缓存目录条目中。在接收到缓存读取请求时，连同正常地址比较以确定数据是否位于高速缓存内，可以将当前步长值与存储的步长值进行比较，以确定数据是否为当前值。如果步数值匹配，数据可能是当前的，并且可能会发生高速缓存命中。然而，如果步骤值不匹配，则可以从另一个源提供所请求的数据。此外，应用程序可以更新当前步骤值以使存储在高速缓存中并与不同步长值相关联的旧数据无效。

8. 发明授权

US08259131B2 Adaptive sub-sampling for reduction in issued rays 有权
标题翻译：自适应子采样，用于减少发出的光线
公开(公告)号：US08259131B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US11830928
申请日：2007-07-31
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： According to one embodiment of the invention, by increasing the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels with colors of high contrast while maintaining the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels which do not have colors of high contrast, a ray tracing image processing system may render an anti-aliased image while minimizing the increase in workload experienced by the image processing system. Additionally, according to another embodiment of the invention, by maintaining the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels which have colors of low contrast while increasing the number of rays issued through adjacent pixels which do not have colors of low contrast, the image processing system may reduce workload experienced while performing ray tracing while maintaining the quality of the rendered image.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的一个实施例，通过在保持通过不具有高对比度的颜色的相邻像素发出的光线的数量的同时增加通过相邻像素发出的具有高对比度的颜色的光线的数量，光线跟踪图像处理系统可以呈现抗锯齿图像，同时最小化图像处理系统经历的工作量的增加。此外，根据本发明的另一实施例，通过保持通过具有低对比度的颜色的相邻像素发出的光线的数量，同时增加通过不具有低对比度的颜色的相邻像素发出的光线的数量，图像处理系统减少在执行光线跟踪同时保持渲染图像的质量时遇到的工作量。

9. 发明授权

US08085267B2 Stochastic addition of rays in a ray tracing image processing system 有权
标题翻译：在光线跟踪图像处理系统中随机添加光线
公开(公告)号：US08085267B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-27
申请号：US11668522
申请日：2007-01-30
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/40
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, rays may be stochastically culled before they are issued into the three-dimensional scene. Stochastically culling rays may reduce the number of rays which need to be traced by the image processing system. Furthermore, by stochastically culling rays before they are issued into the three-dimensional scene, minor imperfections may be added to the final rendered image, thereby improving the realism of the rendered image. Therefore, stochastic culling of rays may improve the performance of the image processing system by reducing workload imposed on the image processing system and improving the realism of the images rendered by the image processing system. According to another embodiment of the invention, the realism of images rendered by the image processing system may also be improved by stochastically adding secondary rays after ray-primitive intersections have occurred.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，射线可以在它们被发放到三维场景之前被随机地淘汰。随机剔除光线可能减少图像处理系统需要追踪的光线数量。此外，通过在将它们发布到三维场景之前随机剔除光线，可以将最小的缺陷添加到最终渲染图像，从而改善渲染图像的真实性。因此，通过减少图像处理系统的工作量，提高图像处理系统所呈现的图像的真实性，可以提高图像处理系统的性能。根据本发明的另一个实施例，图像处理系统呈现的图像的真实性也可以通过在发生光线原始交点之后随机添加二次光线来改善。

10. 发明授权

US07996621B2 Data cache invalidate with data dependent expiration using a step value 有权
标题翻译：数据缓存无效，数据相关到期使用步进值
公开(公告)号：US07996621B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-09
申请号：US11776731
申请日：2007-07-12
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Kenneth Michael Valk
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Kenneth Michael Valk
IPC分类号： G06F12/12
CPC分类号： G06F12/0895 , Y02D10/13
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, a step value and a step-interval cache coherency protocol may be used to update and invalidate data stored within cache memory. A step value may be an integer value and may be stored within a cache directory entry associated with data in the memory cache. Upon reception of a cache read request, along with the normal address comparison to determine if the data is located within the cache a current step value may be compared with the stored step value to determine if the data is current. If the step values match, the data may be current and a cache hit may occur. However, if the step values do not match, the requested data may be provided from another source. Furthermore, an application may update the current step value to invalidate old data stored within the cache and associated with a different step value.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，可以使用步长值和步进间隔高速缓存一致性协议来更新和使存储在高速缓冲存储器中的数据无效。步数值可以是整数值，并且可以存储在与存储器高速缓存中的数据相关联的高速缓存目录条目中。在接收到缓存读取请求时，连同正常地址比较以确定数据是否位于高速缓存内，可以将当前步长值与存储的步长值进行比较，以确定数据是否为当前值。如果步数值匹配，数据可能是当前的，并且可能会发生高速缓存命中。然而，如果步骤值不匹配，则可以从另一个源提供所请求的数据。此外，应用程序可以更新当前步骤值以使存储在高速缓存中并与不同步长值相关联的旧数据无效。

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