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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Stent and method of inserting a stent into a delivery catheter
    • 将支架插入输送导管的支架和方法
    • US09301861B2
    • 2016-04-05
    • US14343522
    • 2012-09-07
    • Xiang ZhouZhong YouJames Byrne
    • Xiang ZhouZhong YouJames Byrne
    • A61F2/90A61F2/91A61F2/915A61F2/82A61F2/95
    • A61F2/844A61F2/90A61F2/91A61F2/915A61F2002/823A61F2002/9522A61F2210/0014A61F2210/0019A61F2230/0054A61F2250/0023
    • Stents and method of inserting a stent into a delivery catheter are disclosed. In a disclosed embodiment, a stent for redirecting blood flow away from an aneurysmal sac is provided. The stent comprises an elongate frame (2) that is radially contractable from a fully radially expanded state to a radially contracted state in a process involving elongation of the frame, wherein: the fully radially expanded state represents the state of the frame at body temperature when no external force is applied to the frame; in the radially contracted state the frame has a maximum lateral dimension that is at least 30% smaller than the maximum lateral dimension of the frame in the fully radially expanded state; and the frame comprises a low porosity region (4) for positioning at the opening to the aneurysmal sac, the low porosity region having a porosity of less than 50% when the frame is in the fully radially expanded state.
    • 公开了将支架插入输送导管的支架和方法。 在公开的实施例中,提供了用于将血液流动从动脉瘤囊重新定向的支架。 支架包括细长框架(2),其在涉及框架伸长的过程中从完全径向扩张状态径向收缩到径向收缩状态,其中:完全径向扩张状态表示框架在体温时的状态, 没有外力施加到框架上; 在径向收缩状态下,框架具有比完全放大状态下的框架的最大横向尺寸小至少30%的最大横向尺寸; 并且所述框架包括用于定位在所述动脉瘤囊的开口处的低孔隙率区域(4),当所述框架处于完全径向膨胀状态时,所述低孔隙率区域具有小于50%的孔隙率。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • System and methods for adaptive equalization for optical modulation formats
    • 用于光调制格式的自适应均衡的系统和方法
    • US09252988B2
    • 2016-02-02
    • US13307429
    • 2011-11-30
    • Xiang ZhouLynn Nelson
    • Xiang ZhouLynn Nelson
    • H04L25/03H04B10/61
    • H04B10/532H04B10/6166H04J14/06H04L25/03038H04L25/03057H04L2025/03401H04L2025/0342H04L2025/03687
    • A method for modifying the performance of an adaptive equalizer in a receiver is provided. A carrier wave including a first polarization state and a second polarization state, wherein there is a correlation between the first polarization state and the second polarization state, is received. The first polarization state and the second polarization state are demultiplexed to generate two respective constellations. A first expected value based on the first constellation, and a second expected value based on the second constellation, are calculated. An adaptive equalizer receives a first and second signals associated with the respective polarization states. The adaptive equalizer generates outputs based on the signals. These outputs are used to generate error values. Feedback is input into the adaptive equalizer, wherein the feedback is based on the error values.
    • 提供了一种用于在接收机中修改自适应均衡器的性能的方法。 接收包括第一偏振态和第二偏振态的载波,其中存在第一偏振态和第二偏振态之间的相关。 第一偏振态和第二偏振状态被解复用以产生两个相应的星座。 计算基于第一星座的第一预期值和基于第二星座的第二预期值。 自适应均衡器接收与相应极化状态相关联的第一和第二信号。 自适应均衡器根据信号产生输出。 这些输出用于生成错误值。 反馈被输入到自适应均衡器中,其中反馈基于误差值。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Feed-forward carrier phase recovery for optical communications
    • 用于光通信的前馈载波相位恢复
    • US08477877B2
    • 2013-07-02
    • US12821426
    • 2010-06-23
    • Xiang Zhou
    • Xiang Zhou
    • H03D3/24
    • H04B10/075H04B10/611H04B10/6165H04L27/0014H04L27/223H04L27/3827H04L2027/0042H04L2027/0085H04Q11/0067H04Q2011/0083
    • The carrier phase of a carrier wave modulated with information symbols is recovered with a multi-stage, feed-forward carrier phase recovery method. A series of digital signals corresponding to the information signals is received. For each digital signal, a coarse phase recovery is performed to determine a first phase angle which provides a first best estimate of the information symbol corresponding to the digital signal. Using the first best estimate as input, a second stage of estimation is then performed to determine a second phase angle which provides an improved (second) best estimate of the information symbol. Additional stages of estimation can be performed. The multi-stage, feed-forward carrier phase recovery method retains the same linewidth tolerance as a single-stage full blind phase search method; however, the required computational power is substantially reduced. The multi-stage, feed-forward carrier phase recovery method is highly efficient for M-QAM optical signals.
    • 利用多级前馈载波相位恢复方法恢复用信息符号调制的载波的载波相位。 接收与信息信号对应的一系列数字信号。 对于每个数字信号,执行粗略相位恢复以确定提供对应于数字信号的信息符号的第一最佳估计的第一相位角。 使用第一最佳估计作为输入,然后执行第二级估计以确定提供信息符号的改进的(第二)最佳估计的第二相位角。 可以执行额外的估计阶段。 多级前馈载波相位恢复方法保持与单级全盲相位搜索方法相同的线宽容差; 然而,所需的计算能力显着降低。 多级前馈载波相位恢复方法对于M-QAM光信号是高效的。