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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Test structures for on-chip real-time reliability testing
    • 用于片上实时可靠性测试的测试结构
    • US06724214B2
    • 2004-04-20
    • US10243392
    • 2002-09-13
    • Indrajit MannaLo Keng FooGuo QiangZeng Xu
    • Indrajit MannaLo Keng FooGuo QiangZeng Xu
    • G01R3126
    • G01R31/2858G01R31/129G01R31/2642G01R31/2884G01R31/3004H01L22/34
    • A first on-chip test structure monitors hot carrier degradation. A degrading ring oscillator is subjected to hot carrier effects while a non-degrading ring oscillator is not. As the device ages, hot carrier effects degrade the degrading ring counter. The second test structure monitors TDDB degradation. A plurality of N parallel connected capacitors have a stress voltage applied to them such that the time to failure of the first capacitor is the same that experienced by percentage of gates under normal usage. A drop in the resistance indicates breakdown of a capacitor. The third test structure monitors electromigration degradation. M minimum width metal lines are connected in parallel. A current is applied such that the time to failure of all metal lines is the same as that experienced by a percentage of minimum width metal lines under normal usage. An increase in resistance indicates breakdown of a metal line.
    • 第一个片上测试结构可以监测热载流子的劣化。 降解环形振荡器经受热载流子效应,而不降解环形振荡器则不受影响。 随着设备的老化,热载体效应会降低降级环计数器。 第二个测试结构监测TDDB的退化。 多个N个并联的电容器具有施加到它们的应力电压,使得第一电容器的故障时间与在正常使用下门的百分比相同。 电阻的下降指示电容器的击穿。 第三个测试结构监测电迁移退化。 M个最小宽度金属线并联连接。 施加电流使得所有金属线的故障时间与正常使用下的最小宽度金属线的百分比所经历的时间相同。 电阻的增加表示金属线的击穿。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Ring oscillator with variable loading
    • 环形振荡器具有可变负载
    • US06842078B2
    • 2005-01-11
    • US10403447
    • 2003-03-31
    • Indrajit MannaLo Keng Foo
    • Indrajit MannaLo Keng Foo
    • H03K3/03H03L7/099H03L7/18H03L7/00
    • H03L7/0995H03K3/0315H03L7/18
    • A ring oscillator circuit device is achieved. The device comprises an odd number of inverting stages. Each inverting stage has an input terminal and an output terminal. The inverter stages are coupled in a ring such that the output terminals of preceding inverting stages are coupled to the input terminals of subsequent inverting stages. A variable capacitor is included. The variable capacitor comprises a conductive layer overlying a bulk semiconductor region with a dielectric layer therebetween. The conductive layer is coupled to the output terminal of one of the inverting stages. The value of the variable capacitor depends on a bulk voltage that is coupled to the bulk semiconductor region. The ring oscillator is used for analyzing load dependence of hot carrier injection. The ring oscillator is used as a voltage-controlled oscillator in a phase-locked loop circuit.
    • 实现环形振荡器电路装置。 该装置包括奇数个反相级。 每个反相级具有输入端和输出端。 反相器级以环形耦合,使得先前反相级的输出端耦合到后续反相级的输入端。 包括可变电容器。 可变电容器包括覆盖体半导体区域的导电层,其间具有介电层。 导电层耦合到一个反相级的输出端。 可变电容器的值取决于耦合到体半导体区域的体电压。 环形振荡器用于分析热载流子注入的负载依赖性。 环形振荡器用作锁相环电路中的压控振荡器。