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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Active electronically steered cathode emission
    • 主动电子控制阴极发射
    • US08330345B2
    • 2012-12-11
    • US12551110
    • 2009-08-31
    • Mark Frederick KirshnerCraig Bisset WilsenRichard Donald Kowalczyk
    • Mark Frederick KirshnerCraig Bisset WilsenRichard Donald Kowalczyk
    • H01J29/46
    • H01J23/04H01J23/09H01J25/04
    • An active electronically steered cathode (AESC) applies one or more electromagnetic modes to an input cavity, similar to that used in an inductive output tube. The structure and superposition of these modes creates local electric field maxima, causing the electron emission site or sites to move or be distributed across the surface of the cathode. Changing the amplitude, phase, or frequency of the modes provides time-variable control of the electric field profile, thereby generating electronically steered electron beams. One embodiment employs a pair of orthogonal TM modes driven out of phase, causing the electric field maximum to rotate around an annular cathode, producing a helical beam. Slots in the control grid may be used to segment the helical beam into discrete bunches to provide additional density modulation.
    • 一个主动的电子控制阴极(AESC)将一个或多个电磁模式应用于输入腔,类似于感应输出管中使用的。 这些模式的结构和叠加产生局部电场最大值,导致电子发射位点或位点移动或分布在阴极表面。 改变模式的幅度,相位或频率提供对电场分布的时间变量控制,从而产生电子转向的电子束。 一个实施例采用一对相位驱动的正交TM模式,使电场最大值绕环形阴极旋转,产生螺旋波束。 可以使用控制网格中的槽来将螺旋束分割成离散的束以提供附加的密度调制。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • Traveling wave tube and method of manufacture
    • 行波管及其制造方法
    • US20020167276A1
    • 2002-11-14
    • US10125774
    • 2002-04-17
    • Bernard K. Vancil
    • H01J025/34
    • H01J23/083H01J23/04H01J23/24H01J25/38
    • A traveling wave tube includes a glass or other insulating envelope having a plurality of substantially parallel glass rods supported therewithin which in turn support an electron gun, a collector and an intermediate slow wave structure. The slow wave structure itself provides electrostatic focussing of a central electron beam thereby eliminating the need for focussing magnetics and materially decreasing the cost of construction as well as enabling miniaturization. The slow wave structure advantageously includes cavities along the electron beam through which the r.f. energy is propagated, or a double, interleaved ring loop structure supported by dielectric fins within a ground plane cylinder disposed coaxially within the glass envelope.
    • 行波管包括玻璃或其它绝缘外壳,其具有多个支撑在其上的基本上平行的玻璃棒,所述多个玻璃棒又支撑电子枪,集电器和中间慢波结构。 慢波结构本身提供了中心电子束的静电聚焦,从而消除了对聚焦磁性物质的需要,并且实质上降低了构造成本以及实现了小型化。 慢波结构有利地包括沿着电子束的腔,其中r.f. 传播的能量,或由同轴设置在玻璃外壳内的接地平面圆筒内的介质翅片支撑的双交错环形环结构。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Field emission cathode and electromagnetic wave generating apparatus comprising the same
    • 场致发射阴极及其电磁波发生装置
    • US06326729B1
    • 2001-12-04
    • US09506924
    • 2000-02-18
    • Kuniyoshi YokooHidenori Mimura
    • Kuniyoshi YokooHidenori Mimura
    • H01J2500
    • H01J23/027H01J3/022H01J23/04H01J23/20H01J25/00H01J2225/10H01J2225/38
    • In a field emission cathode emitting an electron beam modulated by any desired high frequency, a cathode tip is formed in one surface of an N type semiconductor substrate constituting a collector region, an insulating layer formed on the one surface of the semiconductor substrate to have an opening which surrounds said cathode tip, a gate electrode is formed on the insulating layer to have an opening which surrounds the cathode tip, a P type base region is formed in the other surface of the semiconductor substrate, a base electrode is formed on the base region, an N type emitter region is formed in the base region, and an emitter electrode is formed on the emitter region. A DC supply source is connected across the gate electrode and the emitter electrode and a high frequency supply source is connected across the base electrode and the emitter electrode. Then, an electron beam modulated by a high frequency within the millimeter wave or microwave region of the high frequency supply source can be emitted efficiently from said cathode tip. Additionally, an electron beam modulated at a high frequency is generated by applying the Gunn effect in a compound semiconductor to a field emission cathode. The thus generated electron beam is cooperated with a cavity resonator or Fabry-Pérot resonator, and an electromagnetic wave within the millimeter wave or microwave region can be efficiently generated.
    • 在发射由任何所需高频调制的电子束的场发射阴极中,阴极尖端形成在构成集电极区域的N型半导体衬底的一个表面中,形成在半导体衬底的一个表面上的绝缘层具有 围绕所述阴极尖端的开口,在所述绝缘层上形成栅电极以具有围绕所述阴极尖端的开口,在所述半导体衬底的另一个表面中形成P型基极区域,在所述基底上形成基极 在基极区域形成N型发射极区域,在发射极区域形成发射极。 直流电源连接在栅电极和发射极之间,高频电源连接在基极和发射极之间。 然后,可以从所述阴极尖端有效地发射在高频电源的毫米波或微波区域内被高频调制的电子束。 另外,通过将化合物半导体中的Gunn效应施加到场致发射阴极来产生高频调制的电子束。 由此产生的电子束与空腔谐振器或法布里 - 珀罗谐振器配合,可以有效地产生毫米波或微波区域内的电磁波。