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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for word synchronization in an optical communication system
    • 光通信系统中字同步的装置
    • US4006304A
    • 1977-02-01
    • US639374
    • 1975-12-10
    • Darrell Dean Sell
    • Darrell Dean Sell
    • H03M5/16H03K5/00H04L1/24H04L7/00H04L7/027H04L7/04H04L25/49
    • H04L1/247H04L7/04H04L7/027
    • An optical communication system is disclosed in which a bipolar signal of the type transmitted in digital transmission systems is converted into a unipolar binary signal for transmission over an optical transmission medium. The three levels of the bipolar signal are converted into three pairs of bits in the binary signal. One pair of bits is not utilized in the conversion and is therefore labeled as a forbidden word. Synchronization is achieved at the receiving location for the purpose of decoding by detecting the presence of the forbidden word in the binary signal and in response to this detection an energizing pulse is produced. This energizing pulse drives a clock circuit which in turn drives a decoding apparatus utilized to translate the binary signal back into the bipolar signal. As a result of this type of word synchronization, individual errors introduced into the binary signal do not result in a framing error.
    • 公开了一种光通信系统,其中在数字传输系统中传输的类型的双极信号被转换成用于在光传输介质上传输的单极二进制信号。 双极信号的三个电平在二进制信号中被转换成三对位。 转换中没有使用一对位,因此被标记为禁止字。 为了通过检测二进制信号中的禁止字的存在而在接收位置实现同步,并且响应于该检测,产生通电脉冲。 该激励脉冲驱动时钟电路,该时钟电路又驱动用于将二进制信号转换回双极性信号的解码装置。 作为这种类型的字同步的结果,引入二进制信号的各个错误不会导致成帧错误。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Cable pair testing arrangement
    • 电缆对测试安排
    • US3906174A
    • 1975-09-16
    • US41648073
    • 1973-11-16
    • GTE AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC LAB INC
    • DOTTER JR BERTON E
    • H04L1/24H04B3/46
    • H04L1/247H04L1/24
    • A pseudo-random, pseudo-ternary pulse train, which is representative of a PCM signal, is applied to one end of a cable pair. At the other end of the cable pair, the received pulse train is equalized and amplified to obtain a pulse train output in which pulses have very nearly the same peak amplitude as each transmitted pulse, plus a characteristic which is similar but not identical. A variable amplitude interfering tone is combined with the equalized and amplified received pulse train. If no errors are determined by an error detector with a 0 amplitude interfering tone, the amplitude is increased until errors occur. The interfering amplitude control is calibrated in terms of eye degradation factor. The magnitude of the eye degradation factor is determinative of the capability of the cable pair to transmit the PCM signal with an acceptable error rate.
    • 将代表PCM信号的伪随机,伪三元脉冲串应用于电缆对的一端。 在电缆对的另一端,所接收的脉冲串被均衡并被放大以获得脉冲串输出,其中脉冲具有与每个发射脉冲几乎相同的峰值振幅,加上类似但不相同的特性。 可变幅度干扰音与均衡和放大的接收脉冲串组合。 如果没有错误由具有0幅度干扰音的误差检测器确定,则振幅增加直到发生错误。 干扰幅度控制是根据眼睛退化因子进行校准的。 眼睛衰退因子的大小决定了电缆对以可接受的错误率传输PCM信号的能力。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Symbol detection and error correction coding in a local area network
    • 本地区网络中的符号检测和错误校正编码
    • US5099500A
    • 1992-03-24
    • US257638
    • 1988-10-14
    • Darrell Furlong
    • Darrell Furlong
    • H04L1/24H04L25/06
    • H04L25/06H04L1/247
    • A symbol detection and correction scheme for local area network modems, especially those which receive one of three symbols at any given time, such as those operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.4 standard. The invention significantly improves the bit error rate observed by the layer above the modem. The modem operates on a received signal with a pair of slicers. One slicer operating as a two-symbol detector, and a second slicer operates as a three-symbol detector. A receiver state machine is used to keep track of which portion of a frame is currently expected to be being received. Depending upon the particular context, one or both of the slicer outputs are used by the state machine to determine which of the three symbols was received. For example, when the receiver is in a state where only one of two data symbols are expected, and no control symbols are expected, only the two-symbol slicer output is used. The three-symbol slicer output, and logical combinations of the three-symbol slicer output and the two-symbol slicer output, are used as other times. The receiver state machine recognizes errors in pseduo-silence, start delimiter, and end-delimiter sequences without reporting such errors to the upper level, thereby greatly decreasing the error rate observed there.
    • 用于局域网调制解调器的符号检测和校正方案,特别是在任何给定时间接收三个符号之一的符号检测和校正方案,例如根据IEEE 802.4标准操作的那些。 本发明显着提高了调制解调器上方的层所观察到的误码率。 调制解调器使用一对切片器对接收到的信号进行操作。 作为双符号检测器操作的一个限幅器,和第二限幅器作为三符号检测器操作。 接收机状态机用于跟踪当前预期正在接收帧的哪个部分。 根据特定的上下文,状态机使用一个或两个限幅器输出来确定三个符号中的哪一个被接收。 例如,当接收机处于仅期望两个数据符号之一并且不期望控制符号的状态时,仅使用双符号限幅器输出。 三符号限幅器输出以及三符号限幅器输出和双符号限幅器输出的逻辑组合被用作其他时间。 接收机状态机识别无声,起始分隔符和结束分隔符序列中的错误,而不向上层报告这样的错误,从而大大降低了在那里观察到的错误率。
    • 10. 再颁专利
    • Performance monitoring for loops
    • 环路性能监控
    • USRE36862E
    • 2000-09-12
    • US712487
    • 1996-09-11
    • Dev V. GuptaKyung-Yeop Hong
    • Dev V. GuptaKyung-Yeop Hong
    • H04L1/24H03M5/12
    • H04L1/247
    • Loop Performance Monitoring (LPM) for DDS loops is described. Even though DDS loops have Intentional Bipolar Violations (BPVs), a Loop Coding Violations (LCVs) detection strategy based on further processing of BPVs is described. By monitoring LCVs a local loop terminating device can determine Bit Error Rate (BER).A system is described by which an Office Channel Unit (OCU) can process LCV information to determine signal quality of the signal over the incoming local loop. If the signal quality falls below a certain threshold, the OCU can cut the loop off from the DDS circuit and send control codes into the network.A system is also described where a Network Interface Unit (NIU) with the LPM system communicates incoming LCV information to the OCU using low speed signalling over the simplex path between the transmit and receive pairs. The OCU monitors incoming LCVs as well, and thus has the information necessary to determine bi-directional BER performance.
    • 描述了DDS循环的循环性能监控(LPM)。 尽管DDS循环具有故意双极违例(BPV),但是描述了基于BPV进一步处理的循环编码违规(LCV)检测策略。 通过监视LCV,本地环路终端设备可以确定误码率(BER)。 描述了一种系统,通过该系统,Office信道单元(OCU)可以处理LCV信息以确定通过传入本地环路的信号的信号质量。 如果信号质量低于某个阈值,OCU可以从DDS电路中切断环路,并将控制码发送到网络中。 还描述了一种系统,其中具有LPM系统的网络接口单元(NIU)通过在发送和接收对之间的单工路径上的低速信令将输入的LCV信息传送到OCU。 OCU也监视输入的LCV,因此具有确定双向BER性能所需的信息。