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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Toner resin with improved adhesion properties
    • 调色剂树脂具有改善的粘合性能
    • US5852151A
    • 1998-12-22
    • US869604
    • 1997-06-06
    • Gary Lee BurrowayGordon Edward Hardy, Jr.
    • Gary Lee BurrowayGordon Edward Hardy, Jr.
    • C08F2/24C08F2/26C08F6/22C08F212/06C08F212/08C08F220/18C08F236/04G03G9/087C08F220/12
    • C08F212/08G03G9/08706G03G9/08708G03G9/08711G03G9/08737
    • This invention is based upon the discovery that the characteristics of toner resins made by emulsion polymerization can be improved by utilizing diacid cycloaliphatic emulsifiers in the synthesis thereof. Toner resins which are made utilizing such diacid cycloaliphatic emulsifiers do not exhibit significant electrical charge effects from the residual level of soap in the resin compared to resins made using standard soaps; such as, rosin acid soaps and fatty acid soaps. They also generally contain a lower level of ash since salts do not need to be used in their coagulation. As a result of the low level of ash, the toner resin made from the diacid soap exhibits excellent resistance to moisture sensitivity and adsorption. This feature gives the toners made from these resins better electrical charge stability compared to resins made from conventional soaps since adsorbed moisture is known to neutralize electrical charges. Toners made from these resins also exhibit greatly improved adhesion to paper. This invention more specifically discloses a process for preparing a polymer which is particularly useful as a toner resin, which comprises (1) emulsion copolymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer and a second monomer selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene monomers and an acrylate monomer selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylate monomers and methacrylate monomers in the presence of a diacid cycloaliphatic emulsifier to produce the polymer and (2) recovering the polymer from the aqueous emulsion.
    • 本发明基于以下发现:通过在其合成中利用二酸脂环族乳化剂可以改善通过乳液聚合制备的调色剂树脂的特性。 使用这种二酸脂环族乳化剂制备的调色剂树脂与使用标准皂制备的树脂相比,不显示树脂中剩余残余水平的显着的电荷效应; 如松香酸皂和脂肪酸皂。 它们通常还含有较低水平的灰分,因为不需要在其凝结中使用盐。 作为灰分低的结果,由二酸皂制成的调色剂树脂具有优异的耐潮湿敏感性和吸附性。 这种特征使得由这些树脂制成的调色剂与常规皂制成的树脂相比具有更好的电荷稳定性,因为已知吸附的水分中和电荷。 由这些树脂制成的调色剂也显着改善了对纸的粘附性。 本发明更具体地公开了一种制备聚合物的方法,其特别可用作调色剂树脂,其包括(1)将乙烯基芳族单体和选自共轭二烯单体和选自以下的丙烯酸酯单体的第二单体乳液共聚合: 在二酸脂环族乳化剂存在下由丙烯酸烷基酯单体和甲基丙烯酸酯单体组成的组,以产生聚合物和(2)从水乳液中回收聚合物。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Composition of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer matrix with particles of
graft copolymer and crosslinked copolymer
    • 苯乙烯 - 丙烯腈共聚物基体与接枝共聚物和交联共聚物颗粒的组成
    • US5631323A
    • 1997-05-20
    • US567056
    • 1995-12-04
    • Norbert GuntherbergEkkehard JahnsWolfgang FischerGraham E. McKeeBernhard Rosenau
    • Norbert GuntherbergEkkehard JahnsWolfgang FischerGraham E. McKeeBernhard Rosenau
    • C08F2/18C08F2/20C08F212/06C08F212/10C08L25/12C08L51/00C08L51/04C08L55/02C08L35/04
    • C08L25/12C08F212/10C08L55/02C08L51/04
    • Thermoplastic molding materials preparedA) from 35 to 99.5% by weight of a matrix copolymer (A) ofa.sub.1) from 50 to 95% by weight of styrene and/or .alpha.-methylstyrene,a.sub.2) from 5 to 50% by weight of acrylonitrile anda.sub.3) from 0 to 20% by weight of further comonomersB) from 0 to 50% by weight of a particulate graft copolymer (B) which is insoluble in (A), has a median particle diameter of from 0.03 to 1 .mu.m and preparedb.sub.1) from 30 to 80% by weight of a core comprising an elastomeric polymer having a glass transition temperature of less than -10.degree. C. andb.sub.2) from 20 to 70% by weight of a graft shell comprising a polymer which is compatible or partly compatible with (A)andC) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of a particulate crosslinked copolymer (C) which is insoluble in (A), has a median particle diameter of from 0.5 to 50 .mu.m and comprisesc.sub.1) from 50 to 89.95% by weight of styrene and/or .alpha.-methylstyrene,c.sub.2) from 10 to 50% by weight of acrylonitrile,c.sub.3) from 0.05 to 5% by weight of a polyfunctional, crosslinking monomer,c.sub.4) from 0 to 10% by weight of a monomer which contains acidic or basic groups andc.sub.5) from 0 to 20% by weight of further comonomers.
    • 制备的热塑性成型材料A)35至99.5重量%的a1)的基质共聚物(A),50-95重量%的苯乙烯和/或α-甲基苯乙烯,a2)5-50重量%的丙烯腈 和a3)0至20重量%的另外的共聚单体B)0至50重量%的不溶于(A)的颗粒接枝共聚物(B),其中值粒径为0.03至1μm 并且制备b1)30至80重量%的芯,其包含玻璃化转变温度低于-10℃的弹性体聚合物,和b2)20至70重量%的包含聚合物的接枝壳,所述聚合物是 与(A)和C)相容或部分相容的0.5至30重量%的不溶于(A)的颗粒状交联共聚物(C),其中值粒径为0.5至50μm,并包含c1) 苯乙烯和/或α-甲基苯乙烯的50至89.95重量%,c2)10至50重量%的丙烯腈,c 3)0.05至5重量% t的多官能交联单体,c4)0至10重量%的含酸性或碱性基团的单体,和c 5)0至20重量%的其它共聚单体。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Maleimide-based copolymer and process for producing it
    • 马来酰亚胺基共聚物及其制备方法
    • US5565537A
    • 1996-10-15
    • US466664
    • 1995-06-06
    • Kimio UdaFumioki ShimoyamaKazumi Fujioka
    • Kimio UdaFumioki ShimoyamaKazumi Fujioka
    • B29B9/12B29C47/00B29C47/76C08F6/00C08F222/40C08F212/06C08F218/02C08F220/06
    • B29C47/76B29B9/12B29C47/0014C08F6/001B29C47/00B29K2079/00
    • This invention provides a maleimide-based copolymer in which, because its molecular weight-retention ratio at high temperature is high, deterioration of physical properties by heating is little. Also, this invention provides a process wherein a maleimide-based copolymer is arranged so as not to heat more than necessity and thereby a maleimide-based copolymer containing only a small amount of residual volatile components is efficiently obtained without deterioration of physical properties. The maleimide-based copolymer is such as having a glass transition temperature of 170.degree. C. or higher, a weight-average molecular weight of 100,000 to 500,000, and a molecular weight-retention ratio of 90% or more when heated at 280.degree. C. for 10 minutes. When this copolymer is produced, volatile components are separated by supplying a polymer composition containing said copolymer and volatile components to a vent type screw extruder and operating this extruder under condition of a screw rotation number of 50 to 150 rpm.
    • 本发明提供了一种马来酰亚胺类共聚物,其中,由于其高温下的分子量保持率高,因此加热时的物理性能降低。 此外,本发明提供了一种方法,其中马来酰亚胺基共聚物被布置为不加热以上,从而有效地获得仅含少量残留挥发组分的马来酰亚胺基共聚物,而不会降低物理性能。 马来酰亚胺类共聚物的玻璃化转变温度为170℃以上,重均分子量为100,000〜500,000,在280℃下加热时的分子量保持率为90%以上 10分钟。 当制备该共聚物时,通过向排气式螺杆挤出机提供含有所述共聚物和挥发性组分的聚合物组合物分离挥发性组分,并在螺杆转数为50至150rpm的条件下操作该挤出机。