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1. 发明授权

US09242222B2 Aldose-ketose transformation for separation and/or chemical conversion of C6 and C5 sugars from biomass materials 有权
标题翻译：用于从生物质材料中分离和/或化学转化C6和C5糖的醛糖 - 酮糖转化
公开(公告)号：US09242222B2
公开(公告)日：2016-01-26
申请号：US13641849
申请日：2011-04-19
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Patricia Relue , Bin Li
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Patricia Relue , Bin Li
IPC分类号： C12P19/24 , B01J19/00 , C07H1/08 , C07H3/02 , C13K13/00 , C12M1/12 , C12M1/00
CPC分类号： C07H3/02 , B01J19/00 , C07H1/06 , C07H1/08 , C12M25/18 , C12M47/10 , C12N9/92 , C12Y503/01005 , C13K13/007 , Y02E50/17
摘要： Systems for converting aldose sugars to ketose sugars and separating and/or concentrating these sugars using differences in the sugars' abilities to bind to specific affinity ligands are described.
摘要翻译：描述了使用醛结合特异性亲和配体的能力差异将醛糖转化为酮糖糖并分离和/或浓缩这些糖的系统。

2. 发明授权

US08546109B2 Biomass pretreatment 有权
标题翻译：生物质预处理
公开(公告)号：US08546109B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US13224141
申请日：2011-09-01
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi , Jared Anderson , Kripa Rao , Praveen Paripati , Guneet Kumar
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi , Jared Anderson , Kripa Rao , Praveen Paripati , Guneet Kumar
IPC分类号： C12P19/00 , C13K1/02 , D21C9/10
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P2201/00 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/17 , Y02E50/30
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for lignocellulosic conversion to sugar using an ionic liquid pretreatment for the saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Thus, cellulose, hemicellulose, when hydrolyzed into their sugars, can be converted to ethanol fuel through well-established fermentation technologies. These sugars also form the feedstocks for production of a variety of chemical and polymers. The complex structure of the biomass required pretreatment to enable efficient saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose components to their constituent sugars.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用用于木质纤维素生物质糖化的离子液体预处理的木质纤维素转化为糖的方法。因此，当纤维素，半纤维素水解成其糖时，可以通过公认的发酵技术转化为乙醇燃料。这些糖也形成用于生产各种化学和聚合物的原料。生物质的复杂结构需要预处理，以使纤维素和半纤维素成分能有效地糖化成其组成的糖。

3. 发明授权

US08236536B2 Saccharifying cellulose 有权
标题翻译：糖化纤维素
公开(公告)号：US08236536B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-07
申请号：US12687049
申请日：2010-01-13
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi
IPC分类号： C12P7/10 , C12P19/14 , C12P19/20
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , Y02E50/16 , Y02P20/542
摘要： Dissolution, partial dissolution or softening of cellulose in an ionic liquid (IL) and its subsequent contact with anti-solvent produces regenerated cellulose more amorphous in structure than native cellulose, which can be separated from the IL/anti-solvent mixture by mechanical means such as simple filtration or centrifugation. This altered morphology of IL-treated cellulose allows a greater number of sites for enzyme adsorption with a subsequent enhancement of its saccharification. The IL-treated cellulose exhibits significantly improved hydrolysis kinetics with optically transparent solutions formed after about two hours of reaction. This provides an opportunity for separation of products from the catalyst (enzyme) easing enzyme recovery. With an appropriate selection of enzymes, initial hydrolysis rates for IL-treated cellulose were up to two orders of magnitude greater than those of untreated cellulose. Due to the non-volatility of the IL, anti-solvent can be easily stripped from the IL/anti-solvent mixture for recovery and recycle of both the ionic liquid and anti-solvent.
摘要翻译：纤维素在离子液体（IL）中的溶解，部分溶解或软化以及其随后与抗溶剂接触产生的结构上的再生纤维素比天然纤维素更无定形，其可以通过机械方式与IL /反溶剂混合物分离作为简单的过滤或离心。经IL处理的纤维素的这种改变的形态允许更多数量的酶吸附的位点，随后其糖化的增强。经过约2小时反应后形成的光学透明溶液，IL处理的纤维素显示出显着改善的水解动力学。这提供了从催化剂（酶）缓解酶回收中分离产物的机会。通过适当的酶选择，IL处理的纤维素的初始水解速率比未处理的纤维素高出两个数量级。由于IL的不挥发性，反溶剂可以容易地从IL /反溶剂混合物中汽提出来，用于回收和再循环离子液体和反溶剂。

4. 发明授权

US07674608B2 Saccharifying cellulose 有权
标题翻译：糖化纤维素
公开(公告)号：US07674608B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-09
申请号：US11710357
申请日：2007-02-23
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi
IPC分类号： C12P19/14 , C12P19/20
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , Y02E50/16 , Y02P20/542
摘要： Dissolution, partial dissolution or softening of cellulose in an ionic liquid (IL) and its subsequent contact with anti-solvent produces regenerated cellulose more amorphous in structure than native cellulose, which can be separated from the IL/anti-solvent mixture by mechanical means such as simple filtration or centrifugation. This altered morphology of IL-treated cellulose allows a greater number of sites for enzyme adsorption with a subsequent enhancement of its saccharification. The IL-treated cellulose exhibits significantly improved hydrolysis kinetics with optically transparent solutions formed after about two hours of reaction. This provides an opportunity for separation of products from the catalyst (enzyme) easing enzyme recovery. With an appropriate selection of enzymes, initial hydrolysis rates for IL-treated cellulose were up to two orders of magnitude greater than those of untreated cellulose. Due to the non-volatility of the IL, anti-solvent can be easily stripped from the IL/anti-solvent mixture for recovery and recycle of both the ionic liquid and anti-solvent.
摘要翻译：纤维素在离子液体（IL）中的溶解，部分溶解或软化以及其随后与抗溶剂接触产生的结构上的再生纤维素比天然纤维素更无定形，其可以通过机械方式与IL /反溶剂混合物分离作为简单的过滤或离心。经IL处理的纤维素的这种改变的形态允许更多数量的酶吸附的位点，随后其糖化的增强。经过约2小时反应后形成的光学透明溶液，IL处理的纤维素显示出显着改善的水解动力学。这提供了从催化剂（酶）缓解酶回收中分离产物的机会。通过适当的酶选择，IL处理的纤维素的初始水解速率比未处理的纤维素高出两个数量级。由于IL的不挥发性，反溶剂可以容易地从IL /反溶剂混合物中汽提出来，用于回收和再循环离子液体和反溶剂。

5. 发明申请

US20090011473A1 Saccharifying cellulose 有权
标题翻译：糖化纤维素
公开(公告)号：US20090011473A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US11710357
申请日：2007-02-23
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi
IPC分类号： C12P19/14
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , Y02E50/16 , Y02P20/542
摘要： Dissolution, partial dissolution or softening of cellulose in an ionic liquid (IL) and its subsequent contact with anti-solvent produces regenerated cellulose more amorphous in structure than native cellulose, which can be separated from the IL/anti-solvent mixture by mechanical means such as simple filtration or centrifugation. This altered morphology of IL-treated cellulose allows a greater number of sites for enzyme adsorption with a subsequent enhancement of its saccharification. The IL-treated cellulose exhibits significantly improved hydrolysis kinetics with optically transparent solutions formed after about two hours of reaction. This provides an opportunity for separation of products from the catalyst (enzyme) easing enzyme recovery. With an appropriate selection of enzymes, initial hydrolysis rates for IL-treated cellulose were up to two orders of magnitude greater than those of untreated cellulose. Due to the non-volatility of the IL, anti-solvent can be easily stripped from the IL/anti-solvent mixture for recovery and recycle of both the ionic liquid and anti-solvent.
摘要翻译：纤维素在离子液体（IL）中的溶解，部分溶解或软化以及其随后与抗溶剂接触产生的结构上的再生纤维素比天然纤维素更无定形，其可以通过机械方式与IL /反溶剂混合物分离作为简单的过滤或离心。经IL处理的纤维素的这种改变的形态允许更多数量的酶吸附的位点，随后其糖化的增强。经过约2小时反应后形成的光学透明溶液，IL处理的纤维素显示出显着改善的水解动力学。这提供了从催化剂（酶）缓解酶回收中分离产物的机会。通过适当的酶选择，IL处理的纤维素的初始水解速率比未处理的纤维素高出两个数量级。由于IL的不挥发性，反溶剂可以容易地从IL /反溶剂混合物中汽提出来，用于回收和再循环离子液体和反溶剂。

6. 发明授权

US08030030B2 Biomass pretreatment 有权
标题翻译：生物质预处理
公开(公告)号：US08030030B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US12075762
申请日：2008-03-13
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi , Jared Anderson , Kripa Rao , Guneet Kumar , Praveen Paripati
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Constance Ann Schall , Anantharam Prasad Dadi , Jared Anderson , Kripa Rao , Guneet Kumar , Praveen Paripati
IPC分类号： C12P19/00
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P2201/00 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/17 , Y02E50/30
摘要： A method for lignocellulose conversion to sugar with improvements in yield and rate of sugar production has been developed by using ionic liquid pretreatment. This new pretreatment strategy substantially improves the efficiency (in terms of yield and reaction rates) of saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulose and hemicellulose, when hydrolyzed into their sugars, can be converted into ethanol fuel through well established fermentation technologies. These sugars also form the feedstocks for production of variety of chemicals and polymers. The complex structure of biomass requires proper pretreatment to enable efficient saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose components to their constituent sugars. Current pretreatment approaches suffer from slow reaction rates of cellulose hydrolysis (by using the enzyme cellulase) and low yields.
摘要翻译：通过使用离子液体预处理已经开发了木糖纤维素转化成糖的方法，其产率和产糖率得到提高。这种新的预处理策略显着提高了木质纤维素生物质糖化的效率（产率和反应速率）。当水解成糖时，纤维素和半纤维素可通过成熟的发酵技术转化为乙醇燃料。这些糖也形成用于生产各种化学品和聚合物的原料。生物质的复杂结构需要适当的预处理，以使纤维素和半纤维素成分能有效地糖化成其组成的糖。目前的预处理方法受到纤维素水解反应速度慢（使用酶纤维素酶）和低产率的影响。

7. 发明授权

US5397700A Method of producing products with a bilayer pellet containing a coimmobilized enzyme system that maintains a ph difference 失效
标题翻译：用含有保持ph值差异的配位酶系统的双层粒料生产产品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5397700A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-14
申请号：US125546
申请日：1993-09-23
申请人： Ronald L. Fournier , Sasidhar Varanasi , James P. Byers
发明人： Ronald L. Fournier , Sasidhar Varanasi , James P. Byers
IPC分类号： C12N11/04 , C12N11/08 , C12N11/18 , C12P7/14 , C12P1/00
CPC分类号： C12N11/04 , C12N11/08 , C12N11/18 , C12P7/14
摘要： A method of providing and sustaining a difference in pH of a first reaction of an immobilized enzyme and a second reaction in a bulk liquid surrounding the immobilized enzyme is carried out with a bilayer pellet containing coimmobilized enzymes. The pellet can contain an enzyme that produces a desired product immobilized in an inner core and urease immobilized in an outer layer. The bulk liquid contains urea and a substrate for the enzyme in the core, and has an acidic pH. The urease reacts with urea diffusing into the outer layer from the bulk liquid to produce ammonia. The ammonia consumes hydrogen ions diffusing into the inner core from the acidic bulk liquid. This provides the enzyme in the inner core with a pH higher than the acidic pH of the bulk liquid suitable for the enzyme to react with the substrate as it diffuses into the inner core. In a preferred embodiment, simultaneous isomerization of xylose to xylulose and fermentation of xylulose to ethanol is carried out with a bilayer pellet containing xylose isomerase in the core and yeast in the bulk liquid. The isomerization occurs at an optimum pH of 7.0 to 8.0 and the fermentation occurs at an optimum pH of 4.0 to 5.0.
摘要翻译：在固定化酶周围的本体液体中提供和维持固定化酶的第一反应和第二反应的pH差异的方法是用含有共定型酶的双层沉淀进行的。颗粒可以含有产生固定在内核中的所需产物和固定在外层中的脲酶的酶。本体液体含有尿素和核心中酶的底物，并具有酸性pH。脲酶与从大量液体扩散到外层的尿素反应产生氨。氨从酸性大量液体中消耗氢离子扩散到内芯中。这提供了内核中的酶，其pH高于适合酶的本体液体的酸性pH，当其扩散到内核中时与酶反应。在优选的实施方案中，将木糖同时异构化为木酮糖并将木酮糖发酵成乙醇的方法是在核心中含有木糖异构酶的双层沉淀和本体液体中的酵母进行。异构化发生在7.0至8.0的最佳pH下，发酵发生在4.0至5.0的最佳pH。

8. 发明授权

US08927240B1 Thermal fractionation of biomass of non-lignocellulosic origin for multiple high-quality biofuels 有权
$Thermal fractionation of biomass of non-lignocellulosic origin for multiple high-quality biofuels$
标题翻译：用于多种优质生物燃料的非木质纤维素来源的生物质的热分馏
公开(公告)号：US08927240B1
公开(公告)日：2015-01-06
申请号：US13294510
申请日：2011-11-11
申请人： Balakrishna Maddi , Sridhar Viamajala , Sasidhar Varanasi
发明人： Balakrishna Maddi , Sridhar Viamajala , Sasidhar Varanasi
IPC分类号： C12P7/06 , C12P7/08 , A61K36/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/32 , C10G3/42 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1022 , Y02E50/17 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Methods for production of multiple biofuels through thermal fractionation of biomass feedstocks are described.
摘要翻译：描述了通过热分馏生物质原料生产多种生物燃料的方法。

9. 发明申请

US20130292331A1 IONIC LIQUID RECOVERY AND PURIFICATION IN BIOMASS TREATMENT PROCESSES 审中-公开
标题翻译：离子液体回收和净化生物质处理工艺
公开(公告)号：US20130292331A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13884460
申请日：2011-11-09
申请人： Glenn Lipscomb , Sasidhar Varanasi , Praveen Paripati , Anantharam P. Dadi
发明人： Glenn Lipscomb , Sasidhar Varanasi , Praveen Paripati , Anantharam P. Dadi
IPC分类号： B01D61/58
CPC分类号： B01D61/58 , B01D61/025 , B01D61/027 , B01D61/145 , B01D61/147 , B01D61/362 , B01D61/422 , Y02E50/16
摘要： The invention includes a process for recovering ionic liquids used in the treatment of biomass for production of biofuels and other biomass-based products. Ionic liquid recovery and purification minimizes waste production and enhances process profitability.
摘要翻译：本发明包括用于回收用于生物质处理生物燃料和其他基于生物质的产品的离子液体回收方法。离子液体回收和净化最大限度地减少了废物的产生并提高了工艺的盈利能力。

10. 发明申请

US20130074397A1 Aldose-Ketose Transformation for Separation and/or Chemical Conversion of C6 and C5 Sugars from Biomass Materials 有权
标题翻译：用于从生物质材料分离和/或化学转化C6和C5糖的醛糖 - 酮糖转化
公开(公告)号：US20130074397A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-28
申请号：US13641849
申请日：2011-04-19
申请人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Patricia Relue , Bin Li
发明人： Sasidhar Varanasi , Patricia Relue , Bin Li
IPC分类号： B01J19/00
CPC分类号： C07H3/02 , B01J19/00 , C07H1/06 , C07H1/08 , C12M25/18 , C12M47/10 , C12N9/92 , C12Y503/01005 , C13K13/007 , Y02E50/17
摘要： Systems for converting aldose sugars to ketose sugars and separating and/or concentrating these sugars using differences in the sugars' abilities to bind to specific affinity ligands are described.
摘要翻译：描述了使用醛结合特异性亲和配体的能力差异来将醛糖糖转化为酮糖糖并分离和/或浓缩这些糖的系统。

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