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1. 发明授权

US07839722B2 Microfabricated acoustic transducer with a multilayer electrode 有权
标题翻译：具有多层电极的微型声学换能器
公开(公告)号：US07839722B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-23
申请号：US11903329
申请日：2007-09-20
申请人： Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum , Kathy J. Jackson
发明人： Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum , Kathy J. Jackson
IPC分类号： H04R19/00
CPC分类号： B81B3/0021 , B06B1/0292 , B81B2201/0257 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/49005
摘要： In a capacitive membrane ultrasound transducer, one or more electrodes include multiple layers of conductive or semiconductive material. The layers may be positioned adjacent an insulator or cavity in an arrangement to reduce electrical degradation. For example, a conductive layer with less work function and less resistivity is spaced from an insulator by a conductive layer with more work function and more resistivity. The different layers of electrode material may provide for less electrical degradation due to the type of material used and relative location.
摘要翻译：在电容膜超声换能器中，一个或多个电极包括多层导电或半导体材料。层可以在布置中邻近绝缘体或空腔定位以减少电气劣化。例如，具有较小功函数和较小电阻率的导电层通过具有更多功函数和更大电阻率的导电层与绝缘体隔开。电极材料的不同层可以由于所用材料的类型和相对位置而提供更少的电气降解。

2. 发明申请

US20090080292A1 Microfabricated acoustic transducer with a multilayer electrode 有权
标题翻译：具有多层电极的微型声学换能器
公开(公告)号：US20090080292A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11903329
申请日：2007-09-20
申请人： Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum , Kathy J. Jackson
发明人： Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum , Kathy J. Jackson
IPC分类号： H04R19/00 , H04R31/00 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： B81B3/0021 , B06B1/0292 , B81B2201/0257 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/49005
摘要： In a capacitive membrane ultrasound transducer, one or more electrodes include multiple layers of conductive or semiconductive material. The layers may be positioned adjacent an insulator or cavity in an arrangement to reduce electrical degradation. For example, a conductive layer with less work function and less resistivity is spaced from an insulator by a conductive layer with more work function and more resistivity. The different layers of electrode material may provide for less electrical degradation due to the type of material used and relative location.
摘要翻译：在电容膜超声换能器中，一个或多个电极包括多层导电或半导体材料。层可以在布置中邻近绝缘体或空腔定位以减少电气劣化。例如，具有较小功函数和较小电阻率的导电层通过具有更多功函数和更大电阻率的导电层与绝缘体隔开。电极材料的不同层可以由于所用材料的类型和相对位置而提供更少的电气降解。

3. 发明授权

US06862254B2 Microfabricated ultrasonic transducer with suppressed substrate modes 失效
标题翻译：具有抑制衬底模式的微型超声波换能器
公开(公告)号：US06862254B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-01
申请号：US09971095
申请日：2001-10-03
申请人： Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner
发明人： Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner
IPC分类号： B06B1/02 , B06B1/06 , H04R17/00
CPC分类号： B06B1/0681 , B06B2201/76
摘要： The present invention provides a microfabricated acoustic transducer with suppressed substrate modes. The modes are suppressed by either thinning the substrate such that a longitudinal ringing mode occurs outside of the frequency band of interest or by applying a judiciously designed damping material on the backside of the transducer substrate.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种具有抑制衬底模式的微制造声学换能器。通过使衬底变薄来抑制这些模式，使得纵向振铃模式发生在感兴趣的频带之外，或通过在换能器基板的背面施加明智地设计的阻尼材料。

4. 发明授权

US06714484B2 Microfabricated acoustic transducer with suppressed substrate modes 有权
标题翻译：具有抑制衬底模式的微型声学传感器
公开(公告)号：US06714484B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-30
申请号：US10280317
申请日：2002-10-25
申请人： Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner
发明人： Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner
IPC分类号： H04R1700
CPC分类号： B06B1/0681 , B06B2201/76
摘要： A microfabricated acoustic transducer with suppressed substrate modes includes a diaphragm containing an upper electrode suspended above a substrate containing a lower electrode; the substrate may or may not contain electronic circuits. The substrate modes are suppressed by either thinning the substrate such that a longitudinal ringing mode occurs outside of the frequency band of interest or applying a judiciously designed damping material that absorbs acoustic energy from the substrate on the backside of the transducer substrate, or by both thinning the substrate and applying the damping material. The damping material has an acoustic impedance that matches the acoustic impedance of the substrate and is lossy.
摘要翻译：具有抑制衬底模式的微加压声换能器包括：隔膜，其包含悬浮在含有下电极的衬底上方的上电极; 衬底可以包含或可以不包含电子电路。通过使衬底变薄来抑制衬底模式，使得纵向振铃模式发生在感兴趣的频带之外，或施加明智地设计的阻尼材料，其从换能器衬底的背面上的衬底吸收声能，或者通过减薄衬底和施加阻尼材料。阻尼材料具有与基底的声阻抗匹配的声阻抗并且是有损耗的。

5. 发明授权

US07670290B2 Electric circuit for tuning a capacitive electrostatic transducer 有权
标题翻译：用于调谐电容式静电传感器的电路
公开(公告)号：US07670290B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US10803808
申请日：2004-03-17
申请人： John A. Hossack , Brett Bymaster , Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner , Christopher M. W. Daft
发明人： John A. Hossack , Brett Bymaster , Igal Ladabaum , Paul A. Wagner , Christopher M. W. Daft
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292 , A61B8/4483 , G01S7/52079
摘要： An electrostatic transducer circuit and method of tuning the same, in which a balancing circuit is inserted into the electrostatic transducer circuit, is described. The electrostatic transducer circuit generally includes transmit circuitry, receive circuitry, a capacitive electrostatic transducer and the balancing circuit. The balancing circuit can include, either singly or in combination, an inductance and a negative capacitance. The balancing inductance is tuned to counteract the negative reactance of the capacitive electrostatic transducer at a desired operating frequency and can be inserted into the transmit circuitry and/or the receive circuitry. The balancing negative capacitance is tuned to counteract the capacitance of the capacitive electrostatic transducer and can be inserted into the receive circuitry and/or the transmit circuitry. The transmit circuitry can be isolated from the receive circuitry, and vice versa, once the balancing circuit has been inserted. Isolation can be achieved by switching the electrostatic transducer circuit between transmit and receive modes of operation, or by providing separate transmit and receive electrode subsets.
摘要翻译：描述了一种静电换能器电路及其调谐方法，其中平衡电路插入到静电换能器电路中。静电换能器电路通常包括发射电路，接收电路，电容式静电变换器和平衡电路。平衡电路可以单独地或组合地包括电感和负电容。调整平衡电感以抵消在期望的工作频率下的电容式静电换能器的负电抗并且可以插入到发射电路和/或接收电路中。调整平衡负电容以抵消电容式静电变换器的电容，并可将其插入接收电路和/或发射电路。一旦平衡电路被插入，发射电路可以与接收电路隔离，反之亦然。可以通过在发射和接收工作模式之间切换静电转换器电路，或通过提供单独的发射和接收电极子集来实现隔离。

6. 发明授权

US08465431B2 Multi-dimensional CMUT array with integrated beamformation 有权
标题翻译：具有集成波束形成的多维CMUT阵列
公开(公告)号：US08465431B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-18
申请号：US11788614
申请日：2007-04-20
申请人： Christopher M. W. Daft , D-L Donald Liu , Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Christopher M. W. Daft , D-L Donald Liu , Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： A61B8/08
CPC分类号： G01S15/8997 , A61B8/12 , A61B8/4472 , A61B8/4483 , A61B8/4488 , A61B8/483 , G01S7/52046 , G01S7/5208 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8977 , G10K11/346
摘要： To generate information representing a volume, co-arrays or synthetic transmit aperture process is performed in one dimension and beamforming is performed in another dimension. For example, a transmit aperture focuses in azimuth, but is unfocused or divergent in elevation. A multi-dimensional array receives reflected echoes. The echoes are beamformed for sub-arrays for focus in azimuth. The resulting partial beamformed information is provided to an imaging system from the probe housing for completion of beamforming at least in elevation.
摘要翻译：为了产生表示音量的信息，在一个维度中执行共阵列或合成发射孔径处理，并且在另一维度上执行波束成形。例如，发射光圈聚焦在方位角，但是在高度上没有聚焦或发散。多维阵列接收反射回波。回波被波束形成用于方位角焦点的子阵列。所得到的部分波束形成信息被提供给来自探针外壳的成像系统，用于至少在高度上完成波束形成。

7. 发明授权

US07963919B2 Ultrasound imaging transducer array for synthetic aperture 有权
标题翻译：用于合成孔径的超声成像换能器阵列
公开(公告)号：US07963919B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US11295794
申请日：2005-12-07
申请人： Timothy L. Proulx , Christopher M. Daft , J. Paul Mohr , Walter T. Wilser , Charles E. Bradley , Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Timothy L. Proulx , Christopher M. Daft , J. Paul Mohr , Walter T. Wilser , Charles E. Bradley , Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： G01S7/52095 , A61B8/483 , G01S15/892 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8959 , G01S15/8995 , G01S15/8997
摘要： Synthetic transmit aperture is provided for three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. A transducer may have separate transmit and receive elements. Broad beams are transmitted, allowing fewer transmit elements and/or more rapid scanning. A multidimensional receive array generates data in response to sequential transmissions, such as transmissions from different angles. The data is combined to increase resolution. A transducer array with offset transmit elements for forming a transmit line source may be used.
摘要翻译：为三维超声成像提供合成发射孔径。传感器可以具有单独的发射和接收元件。传输宽波束，允许更少的发射元件和/或更快速的扫描。多维接收阵列响应于顺序传输产生数据，例如来自不同角度的传输。数据被组合以提高分辨率。可以使用具有用于形成发射线源的偏移发射元件的换能器阵列。

8. 发明授权

US07087023B2 Microfabricated ultrasonic transducers with bias polarity beam profile control and method of operating the same 有权
标题翻译：具有偏置极性光束轮廓控制的微型超声换能器及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US07087023B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US10367106
申请日：2003-02-14
申请人： Christopher M. W. Daft , Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
发明人： Christopher M. W. Daft , Paul A. Wagner , Igal Ladabaum
IPC分类号： A61B8/14
CPC分类号： G01S15/8925 , B06B1/0292 , G01S7/52046 , G10K11/341
摘要： A capacitive microfabricated ultrasonic transducer with control of elevation phase through alternating bias polarity is disclosed. Such control of elevation phase results in simple ultrasonic probes with excellent slice thickness attributes. Furthermore, tight spatial variation of phase results in an effective way to achieve transmit aperture and apodization control. Further still, such capacitive microfabricated ultrasonic transducers can achieve elevation focus without the need of a lossy mechanical lens.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通过交替偏置极性控制高程相的电容式微制造超声换能器。这种升高相位的控制导致具有优异切片厚度属性的简单超声波探头。此外，相位的紧密空间变化导致实现传输孔径和变迹控制的有效方式。此外，这种电容微型超声波换能器可以实现仰角，而不需要有损耗的机械透镜。

9. 发明申请

US20090079299A1 Aperture synthesis using cMUTs 有权
标题翻译：使用cMUT进行孔径合成
公开(公告)号：US20090079299A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11904454
申请日：2007-09-26
申请人： Charles E. Bradley , Christopher M. Daft , Paul A. Wagner , Satchi Panda
发明人： Charles E. Bradley , Christopher M. Daft , Paul A. Wagner , Satchi Panda
IPC分类号： H01L41/04
CPC分类号： G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8959 , G01S15/8995 , G01S15/8997
摘要： An ultrasound imaging system may use a capacitive membrane or electrostrictive ultrasound transducer to realize isotropic volumetric imaging with bias-line element selection and a variety of aperture synthesis techniques. Two dimensional beam formation may be performed by using a beamformer to focus along one dimension, and then perform a second round of “off-line” or “retrospective” beam formation along the other direction.
摘要翻译：超声成像系统可以使用电容膜或电致伸缩超声换能器来实现具有偏置线元件选择和各种孔合成技术的各向同性体积成像。可以通过使用波束形成器沿着一个维度聚焦来执行二维波束形成，然后沿着另一个方向执行第二轮“离线”或“回溯”波束形成。

10. 发明申请

US20110306886A1 Volume Mechanical Transducer for Medical Diagnostic Ultrasound 有权
标题翻译：用于医学诊断超声的体积机械传感器
公开(公告)号：US20110306886A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-15
申请号：US12813413
申请日：2010-06-10
申请人： Christopher M. Daft , Paul A. Wagner
发明人： Christopher M. Daft , Paul A. Wagner
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： A61B8/0825 , A61B8/15 , A61B8/4483 , A61B8/483 , G01S7/52095 , G01S15/8913 , G01S15/8915 , G01S15/8918 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8945 , G01S15/8995
摘要： A one-dimensional array is used for transmit operation, allowing connection with an imaging system for planar scanning and avoiding transmit electronics in the transducer array. A multi-dimensional array is used for reception only, avoiding transmit interconnects while providing greater coherence in elevation. Both arrays are moved to scan different planes, allowing acquisition of data representing a volume. This transducer arrangement may be used for scanning breasts for cancer screening.
摘要翻译：一维阵列用于发射操作，允许与成像系统连接以进行平面扫描，并避免传感器阵列中的发射电子元件。多维阵列仅用于接收，避免发送互连，同时提供更高的一致性。两个阵列都被移动到扫描不同的平面，允许采集代表一个卷的数据。该换能器装置可用于扫描乳房以进行癌症筛查。

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