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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for high reliability data storage and retrieval operations in multi-level flash cells
    • 用于多级闪存单元中高可靠性数据存储和检索操作的方法和装置
    • US07941592B2
    • 2011-05-10
    • US12228795
    • 2008-08-14
    • Randy M. BonellaDaniel J. AllenThomas J. HolmanChung W. LamHiroyuki Sakamoto
    • Randy M. BonellaDaniel J. AllenThomas J. HolmanChung W. LamHiroyuki Sakamoto
    • G06F12/00
    • G11C11/5628G11C2211/5641
    • One or more multi-level NAND flash cells are operated so as to store only single-level data, and these operations achieve an increased level of charge separation between the data states of the single-level operation by requiring a write to both the upper and lower pages, even though only one bit of data is being stored. That is, the second write operation increases the difference in floating gate charge between the erased state and the programmed state of the first write operation without changing the data in the flash memory cell. In one embodiment, a controller instructs the flash memory to perform two write operations for storing a single bit of data in an MLC flash cell. In another embodiment, the flash memory recognizes that a single write operation is directed a high reliability memory area and internally generates the required plurality of programming steps to place at least a predetermined amount of charge on the specified floating gate.
    • 操作一个或多个多电平NAND闪存单元以仅存储单级数据,并且这些操作通过要求写入上层和第二级的单级操作来实现单级操作的数据状态之间的电荷分离水平的提高 即使只有一位数据被存储,也是较低的页面。 也就是说,第二写入操作增加擦除状态和第一写操作的编程状态之间的浮栅电荷的差异,而不改变闪存单元中的数据。 在一个实施例中,控制器指示闪速存储器执行用于在MLC闪存单元中存储单个数据位的两个写入操作。 在另一个实施例中,闪速存储器识别出单个写入操作被引导到高可靠性存储区域,并且在内部产生所需的多个编程步骤以将至少预定量的电荷放置在指定的浮动栅极上。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Advanced dynamic disk memory module
    • 高级动态磁盘内存模块
    • US07681004B2
    • 2010-03-16
    • US11453293
    • 2006-06-13
    • Randy M. BonellaChung W. Lam
    • Randy M. BonellaChung W. Lam
    • G06F12/00G06F13/00G06F13/28
    • G06F13/405
    • Memory modules address the growing gap between main memory performance and disk drive performance in computational apparatus such as personal computers. Memory modules disclosed herein fill the need for substantially higher storage capacity in end-user add-in memory modules. Such memory modules accelerate the availability of applications, and data for those applications. An exemplary application of such memory modules is as a high capacity consumer memory product that can be used in Hi-Definition video recorders. In various embodiments, memory modules include a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and a command interpreter that includes interfaces to the memories and to various busses. The first memory acts as an accelerating buffer for the second memory, and the second memory provides non-volatile backup for the first memory. In some embodiments data transfer from the first memory to the second memory may be interrupted to provide read access to the second memory.
    • 存储器模块解决了诸如个人计算机之类的计算设备中主存储器性能和磁盘驱动器性能之间日益增长的差距。 本文公开的存储器模块填补了在最终用户加载存储器模块中的显着更高的存储容量的需求。 这些内存模块可加速应用程序的可用性以及这些应用程序的数据。 这种存储器模块的示例性应用是可用于高清晰度录像机的高容量消费者存储产品。 在各种实施例中,存储器模块包括易失性存储器,非易失性存储器和包括到存储器和各种总线的接口的命令解释器。 第一存储器用作第二存储器的加速缓冲器,并且第二存储器为第一存储器提供非易失性备份。 在一些实施例中,可以中断从第一存储器到第二存储器的数据传输,以提供对第二存储器的读取访问。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • Advanced Dynamic Disk Memory Module
    • 高级动态磁盘内存模块
    • US20100223422A1
    • 2010-09-02
    • US12697243
    • 2010-01-30
    • Randy M. BonellaChung W. Lam
    • Randy M. BonellaChung W. Lam
    • G06F12/02G06F12/00G06F13/14
    • G06F13/405
    • Memory modules address the growing gap between main memory performance and disk drive performance in computational apparatus such as personal computers. Memory modules disclosed herein fill the need for substantially higher storage capacity in end-user add-in memory modules. Such memory modules accelerate the availability of applications, and data for those applications. An exemplary application of such memory modules is as a high capacity consumer memory product that can be used in Hi-Definition video recorders. In various embodiments, memory modules include a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and a command interpreter that includes interfaces to the memories and to various busses. The first memory acts as an accelerating buffer for the second memory, and the second memory provides non-volatile backup for the first memory. In some embodiments data transfer from the first memory to the second memory may be interrupted to provide read access to the second memory.
    • 存储器模块解决了诸如个人计算机之类的计算设备中主存储器性能和磁盘驱动器性能之间日益增长的差距。 本文公开的存储器模块填补了在最终用户加载存储器模块中的显着更高的存储容量的需求。 这些内存模块可加速应用程序的可用性以及这些应用程序的数据。 这种存储器模块的示例性应用是可用于高清晰度录像机的高容量消费者存储产品。 在各种实施例中,存储器模块包括易失性存储器,非易失性存储器和包括到存储器和各种总线的接口的命令解释器。 第一存储器用作第二存储器的加速缓冲器,并且第二存储器为第一存储器提供非易失性备份。 在一些实施例中,可以中断从第一存储器到第二存储器的数据传输,以提供对第二存储器的读取访问。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Buffering and interleaving data transfer between a chipset and memory modules
    • 在芯片组和存储器模块之间缓冲和交织数据传输
    • US07249232B2
    • 2007-07-24
    • US10777921
    • 2004-02-11
    • John B. HalbertJim M. DoddChung LamRandy M. Bonella
    • John B. HalbertJim M. DoddChung LamRandy M. Bonella
    • G06F13/00G06F3/00G06F5/06
    • G06F13/4234
    • Providing electrical isolation between the chipset and the memory data is disclosed. The disclosure includes providing at least one buffer in a memory interface between a chipset and memory modules. Each memory module includes a plurality of memory ranks. The buffers allow the memory interface to be split into first and second sub-interfaces. The first sub-interface is between the chipset and the buffers. The second sub-interface is between the buffers and the memory modules. The method also includes interleaving output of the buffers, and configuring the buffers to properly latch the data being transferred between the chipset and the memory modules. The first and second sub-interfaces operate independently but in synchronization with each other.
    • 公开了在芯片组和存储器数据之间提供电隔离。 本公开包括在芯片组和存储器模块之间的存储器接口中提供至少一个缓冲器。 每个存储器模块包括多个存储器等级。 这些缓冲区允许将存储器接口拆分成第一和第二子接口。 第一个子接口位于芯片组和缓冲区之间。 第二个子接口位于缓冲区和内存模块之间。 该方法还包括交织缓冲器的输出,以及配置缓冲器以适当地锁存正在芯片组和存储器模块之间传输的数据。 第一子接口和第二子接口彼此独立地操作,但是彼此同步。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Cache snoop latency prevention apparatus
    • 用于通过在高速缓存读取分配之后立即获得对高速缓存地址输入的访问来减少高速缓存系统等待时间的装置。
    • US5446863A
    • 1995-08-29
    • US168718
    • 1993-12-16
    • Jeffrey C. StevensJens K. RamseyRandy M. BonellaPhilip C. Kelly
    • Jeffrey C. StevensJens K. RamseyRandy M. BonellaPhilip C. Kelly
    • G06F12/08G06F13/16G06F12/12
    • G06F12/0835G06F12/0811G06F13/161
    • A method and apparatus for reducing the snooping requirements of a cache system and for reducing latency problems in a cache system. When a snoop access occurs to the cache, and if snoop control logic determines that the previous snoop access involved the same memory location line, then the snoop control logic does not direct the cache to snoop this subsequent access. This eases the snooping burden of the cache and thus increases the efficiency of the processor working out of the cache during this time. When a multilevel cache system is implemented, the snoop control logic directs the cache to snoop certain subsequent accesses to a previously snooped line in order to prevent cache coherency problems from arising. Latency reduction logic which reduces latency problems in the snooping operation of the cache is also included. After every processor read that is transmitted beyond the cache, i.e., cache read misses, the logic gains control of the address inputs of the cache for snooping purposes. The cache no longer needs its address bus for the read cycle and thus the read operation continues unhindered. In addition, the cache is prepared for an upcoming snoop cycle.
    • 一种用于减少缓存系统的窥探需求并减少缓存系统中的延迟问题的方法和装置。 当高速缓存发生窥探访问时,如果侦听控制逻辑确定先前的侦听访问涉及同一内存位置行,则侦听控制逻辑不会引导高速缓存窥探此后续访问。 这缓解了缓存的窥探负担,从而提高了在此期间从高速缓存中工作的处理器的效率。 当实现多级缓存系统时,监听控制逻辑引导高速缓存窥探对先前侦听行的某些后续访问,以防止高速缓存一致性问题出现。 还包括减少高速缓存的窥探操作中的延迟问题的延迟降低逻辑。 在每个超出高速缓存的处理器读取,即高速缓存读取未命中之后,逻辑增益用于高速缓存的地址输入的控制用于窥探目的。 缓存不再需要其地址总线用于读取周期,因此读取操作不受阻碍地继续。 此外,高速缓存准备好即将到来的窥探周期。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Multiple input frequency memory controller
    • 多输入频率存储控制器
    • US5333293A
    • 1994-07-26
    • US757701
    • 1991-09-11
    • Randy M. Bonella
    • Randy M. Bonella
    • G06F15/16G06F9/305
    • G06F15/16
    • A synchronous memory controller capable of operating with three different frequency microprocessors and yet providing similar DRAM timings. Input frequencies of 32, 25 and 33 MHz correspond to 16, 25 and 33 MHz microprocessors. Various states are bypassed at certain frequencies to allow the various memory, latch and buffer control signals to be produced uniformly. The memory controller also handles operations from external buses, such as the EISA and ISA buses at the various input frequencies. These external bus cycles are controlled by separate state machines, which also have states bypassed for certain input frequencies.
    • 同步存储器控制器,能够与三个不同的频率微处理器一起工作,并提供类似的DRAM时序。 32,25和33 MHz的输入频率对应于16,25和33 MHz微处理器。 各种状态在某些频率旁路,以允许均匀地产生各种存储器,锁存器和缓冲器控制信号。 存储器控制器还处理来自外部总线的操作,例如在各种输入频率下的EISA和ISA总线。 这些外部总线周期由单独的状态机控制,这些状态机也具有绕过某些输入频率的状态。