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1. 发明授权

US11221187B2 Process for applying graphene layer to metallic firearm elements 有权
公开(公告)号：US11221187B2
公开(公告)日：2022-01-11
申请号：US16275579
申请日：2019-02-14
申请人： Jesse E Kearney
发明人： Jesse E Kearney
IPC分类号： B23Q11/10 , B23B35/00 , C09D7/65 , B05D5/08 , C23C18/12 , B05D7/14 , B05D7/24 , B21C37/15 , F41A21/22 , B23C1/20 , F41A21/20 , B23P15/00 , C23C8/40
摘要： A process of eliminating friction and increasing structural hardness and durability and increasing longevity in the fabrication of metallic structures including at least one mechanical machining device with at least one cutting device, at least one element of material stock, and a reactionary lubricant, the process having the steps of placing the material stock on the working surface of a mechanical machining device, initiating the machining device wherein a cutting device will spin and be used to shape a firearm component, adding the reactionary lubricant to both the spinning drill bit engaged in shaping the firearm component and the firearm component's surface, and by an in situ chemical formation process the firearm component will obtain a layer of graphene formed through the friction, heat, and pressure bearing on spinning drill bit and firearm component surface, reducing the asperities in the material of the firearm component as the component is machined.

2. 发明授权

US09763336B2 Methods of treating metal surfaces and devices formed thereby 有权
公开(公告)号：US09763336B2
公开(公告)日：2017-09-12
申请号：US14009517
申请日：2010-07-06
申请人： Jen-Chieh Wei , Zhiming Liu , Steven Z. Shi , Werner G. Kuhr
发明人： Jen-Chieh Wei , Zhiming Liu , Steven Z. Shi , Werner G. Kuhr
IPC分类号： C23C8/12 , C23C22/63 , H05K3/38 , C23C8/16 , C23C22/83 , C09J5/02 , C08J5/12 , C23C8/40 , C23C8/80 , H05K3/46
CPC分类号： H05K3/385 , C08J5/12 , C08J2363/00 , C09J5/02 , C09J2400/163 , C09J2400/166 , C09J2400/20 , C23C8/12 , C23C8/16 , C23C8/40 , C23C8/80 , C23C22/63 , C23C22/83 , H05K3/389 , H05K3/4673 , H05K2203/0315 , H05K2203/065 , H05K2203/1157
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to methods of treating metal surfaces to enhance adhesion or binding to substrates, and devices formed thereby. In some embodiments of the present invention, methods of achieving improved bonding strength without roughening the topography of a metal surface are provided. The metal surface obtained by this method provides strong bonding to resin layers. The bonding interface between the treated metal and the resin layer exhibits resistance to heat, moisture, and chemicals involved in post-lamination process steps, and therefore can suitably be used in the production of PCB's. Methods according to some embodiments of the present invention are especially useful in the fabrication of high density multilayer PCB's, in particular for PCB's having circuits with line/spacing of equal to and less than 10 microns. Methods according to other embodiments of the present invention are particularly useful in the coating of metal surfaces in a wide variety of applications.

3. 发明授权

US09394599B2 Crystalline surface structures and methods for their fabrication 有权
标题翻译：结晶表面结构及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US09394599B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-19
申请号：US13130023
申请日：2009-11-19
申请人： David P. Brown , Jan Von Pfaler
发明人： David P. Brown , Jan Von Pfaler
IPC分类号： C01B31/00 , C23C8/22 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B31/04 , C23C8/00 , C23C8/02 , C23C8/08 , C23C8/40 , C23C8/80 , H01L21/02
CPC分类号： C23C8/22 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B31/0453 , C01B32/186 , C01B2204/02 , C01B2204/04 , C01B2204/06 , C23C8/00 , C23C8/02 , C23C8/08 , C23C8/40 , C23C8/80 , H01L21/02439 , H01L21/02491 , H01L21/02527 , H01L21/0254 , H01L21/02612 , H01L21/02658
摘要： A method for fabricating crystalline surface structures (4) on a template (1). The method comprises the steps of providing a template (1) into a reaction environment, wherein one or more elements (3) required for the formation of the crystalline surface structure (4) are contained within the template (1); heating the template (1) inside the reaction environment to increase the mobility of the element (3) within the template (1), and to increase the surface diffusion length of the element (3) on the template-environment interface; and activating the template (1) by altering the conditions within the reaction environment, to make the mobile element (3) slowly migrate towards the template-environment interface and to make the element (3) organize on the surface of the template (1) as a crystalline structure (4).
摘要翻译：一种用于在模板（1）上制造结晶表面结构（4）的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：将模板（1）提供到反应环境中，其中形成晶体表面结构（4）所需的一个或多个元素（3）包含在模板（1）内; 在反应环境内加热模板（1）以增加模板（1）内的元件（3）的迁移率，并增加元件（3）在模板 - 环境界面上的表面扩散长度; 以及通过改变反应环境中的条件来激活模板（1），使得移动元件（3）缓慢地向模板 - 环境界面迁移并且使元件（3）组织在模板（1）的表面上，作为结晶结构（4）。

4. 发明申请

US20140360630A1 PRETREATING ZINC SURFACES PRIOR TO A PASSIVATING PROCESS 审中-公开
标题翻译：预处理过程中的ZINC表面
公开(公告)号：US20140360630A1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-11
申请号：US14466377
申请日：2014-08-22
申请人： HENKEL AG & CO. KGaA
发明人： Andreas ARNOLD , Michael WOLPERS , Marcel ROTH , Uta SUNDERMEIER
IPC分类号： C23C8/02 , C23C8/40
CPC分类号： C23C8/02 , C23C8/40 , C23C22/00 , C23C22/182 , C23C22/34 , C23C22/60 , C23C22/73 , C23C22/78 , C23C22/83 , C23C2222/00
摘要： The invention relates to a wet-chemical pretreatment of zinc surfaces prior to applying a corrosion-protection coating, which deposits a thin inorganic coating of oxide and/or metallic iron. An iron layer structure which is applied according to the invention, hereinafter referred to as ferrization, improves the achievable corrosion protection of wet-chemical conversion coatings on zinc surfaces. Furthermore, the ferrization process causes both a reduction of the contact corrosion of joined metal components which have zinc and iron surfaces as well as a reduction of corrosive coating migration on cut edges of galvanized steel strips with coating layer structures. In particular, the invention relates to an alkaline composition containing an iron ion source, a reducing agent based on oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus, and water-soluble organic carboxylic acids with an amino group at the α, β, or γ position with respect to the acid group and/or the water-soluble salts thereof.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在施加防腐涂层之前锌表面的湿化学预处理，其沉积氧化物和/或金属铁的薄无机涂层。根据本发明应用的铁层结构（以下称为铁质化）改善了锌表面上湿化学转化涂层的可实现的腐蚀保护。此外，铁化过程同时导致具有锌和铁表面的接合金属部件的接触腐蚀的降低以及在具有涂层结构的镀锌钢带的切割边缘上的腐蚀性涂层迁移减少。特别地，本发明涉及含有铁离子源，基于氮和磷的含氮的还原剂和在α，bgr或γ位置具有氨基的水溶性有机羧酸的碱性组合物，相对于酸组和/或其水溶性盐。

5. 发明授权

US08313585B2 Sports equipment comprising diffused titanium nitride 失效
标题翻译：包括扩散氮化钛的运动器材
公开(公告)号：US08313585B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-20
申请号：US11850297
申请日：2007-09-05
申请人： Philos Jongho Ko , Bongsub Samuel Ko
发明人： Philos Jongho Ko , Bongsub Samuel Ko
IPC分类号： C23C8/40 , B32B15/00 , C25D11/26 , C25D5/00
CPC分类号： C23C12/02 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/00 , A63B53/12 , A63B57/50 , A63B59/50 , A63B2102/18 , A63B2209/00 , A63C5/12 , C23C14/586 , C23C16/56 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12576 , Y10T428/12806 , Y10T428/31518
摘要： A method for diffusing titanium and nitride into a sports equipment component. The method generally includes the steps of providing a sports equipment component providing a salt bath which includes sodium dioxide and a salt selected from the group consisting of sodium cyanate and potassium cyanate; dispersing metallic titanium formed by electrolysis of a titanium compound in the bath, heating the salt bath to a temperature ranging from about 430° C. to about 670° C.; and soaking the sports equipment component in the salt bath for a time of from about 10 minutes to about 24 hours. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the sports equipment component may further be treated with conventional surface treatments or coatings.
摘要翻译：一种用于将钛和氮化物扩散到运动器材部件中的方法。该方法通常包括以下步骤：提供提供盐浴的运动器材部件，其包括二氧化钠和选自氰酸钠和氰酸钾的盐; 将通过电解钛化合物形成的金属钛分散在浴中，将盐浴加热到约430℃至约670℃的温度; 并将运动器材部件浸泡在盐浴中约10分钟至约24小时。根据本发明的另一方面，运动器材部件还可以用常规的表面处理或涂层进行处理。

6. 发明授权

US6048625A Wear resisting steel, sliding member for cylinder in internal combustion engine, and ring spring 失效
标题翻译：耐磨钢，内燃机气缸滑动构件和环形弹簧
公开(公告)号：US6048625A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-11
申请号：US9240
申请日：1998-01-20
申请人： Kenzo Miura , Hitoshi Okamoto , Tatsuhiro Jibiki , Takao Tanaka , Shinichi Miyake , Naohiro Tanaka
发明人： Kenzo Miura , Hitoshi Okamoto , Tatsuhiro Jibiki , Takao Tanaka , Shinichi Miyake , Naohiro Tanaka
IPC分类号： F16J9/26 , C21D1/25 , C21D9/40 , C22C38/00 , C22C38/18 , C22C38/36 , C22C38/60 , C23C8/40 , F16J10/04 , B32B9/00
CPC分类号： C22C38/18 , C21D9/40 , C22C38/60 , C23C8/40 , C21D1/25 , F05C2203/0882 , Y10T428/1266
摘要： Wear resisting steel, a sliding member for a cylinder in an internal combustion engine, and a ring spring consist of: carbon: equal to or less than 2.2% by weight; silicon: equal to or less than 1.2% by weight; manganese: equal to or more than 0.2 % by weight and less than 1.20% by weight; chromium: equal to or less than 16% by weight; phosphorus: equal to or less than 0.08% by weight; sulfur: equal to or more than 0.15% by weight; other compositions: equal to or less than 2.0 % by weiht; and the balance substantially consisting of iron. The surfaces thereof may be sulphurized. The steel has excellent resistance to wear and scuffing, provides high strength, great elongation, and high toughness, and also provides good machinability.
摘要翻译：耐磨钢，用于内燃机中的气缸的滑动构件和环形弹簧，包括：碳：等于或小于2.2重量％; 硅：等于或小于1.2重量％; 锰：等于或大于0.2重量％且小于1.20重量％; 铬：等于或小于16重量％; 磷：等于或小于0.08重量％; 硫：等于或大于0.15重量％; 其他成分：等于或小于2.0％余量基本上由铁组成。其表面可以被硫化。钢具有优异的耐磨性和磨损性，提供高强度，高伸长率和高韧性，并且还具有良好的机械加工性。

7. 发明授权

US5346560A Process for the treatment of ferrous metal parts to improve their corrosion resistance and friction properties simultaneously 失效
标题翻译：用于处理黑色金属部件的工艺，以同时提高其耐腐蚀性和摩擦性能
公开(公告)号：US5346560A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US896928
申请日：1992-06-11
申请人： Sylvie Mournet , Joseph Wawra
发明人： Sylvie Mournet , Joseph Wawra
IPC分类号： C23C8/58 , C23C8/80 , C23C8/40
CPC分类号： C23C8/80
摘要： Precision ferrous metal parts subject to severe friction and corrosion in e are nitrided, preferably in a bath of molten salts based on CNO.sup.- cyanate ions, oxidized, preferably in baths of molten oxidizing alkaline salts, and then impregnated with a hydrophobic wax. A layer after the nitriding and oxidation steps is formed of a close-packed deep sub-layer and a porous superficial sub-layer ranging in thickness between 5 and 25 .mu.m, and exhibiting through pores ranging between 0.2 and 3 .mu.m in diameter. The impregnation wax is an organic compound with a high molecular weight between 500 and 10,000, with a surface tension in the liquid state ranging between 10 and 73 mN/m, the contact angle between the solid phase of the superficial layer and the wax in the liquid state ranging between 0 and 75.degree. C.
摘要翻译：在使用中受到严重摩擦和腐蚀的精密黑色金属部件被氮化，优选在基于CNO-氰酸根离子的熔盐浴中被氧化，优选在熔融的氧化性碱性盐的浴中，然后用疏水性蜡浸渍。氮化和氧化步骤之后的层由紧密堆积的深子层和厚度在5至25μm之间的多孔表层子层形成，并且通过直径为0.2至3μm的孔。浸渍蜡是具有500至10,000之间高分子量的有机化合物，液态的表面张力范围为10至73mN / m，表面层固相与蜡之间的接触角为液态在0和75℃之间

8. 发明授权

US4844749A Reagent bath for and method of treating a workpiece surface 失效
标题翻译：试剂浴和处理工件表面的方法
公开(公告)号：US4844749A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-04
申请号：US131517
申请日：1987-12-11
申请人： Robert W. Foreman , Michael T. Ives
发明人： Robert W. Foreman , Michael T. Ives
IPC分类号： C23C8/40 , C23C22/70 , C23C22/73
CPC分类号： C23C8/40 , C23C22/70 , C23C22/73
摘要： A bath for treating a metallic workpiece so as to provide a surface finish thereupon includes a reagent adapted to react with the surface and an abrasive material. Relative agitational motion between the abrasive and the workpiece is provided and in this manner the abrasive promotes uniform reaction of the workpiece surface with the reagent so as to provide a uniform, deposit-free coating. Also within the scope of the present invention is a method for treating workpiece surfaces utilizing such a bath.
摘要翻译：用于处理金属工件以便在其上提供表面光洁度的浴包括适于与表面反应的试剂和研磨材料。提供磨料和工件之间的相对搅拌运动，并且以这种方式，研磨剂促进工件表面与试剂的均匀反应，以提供均匀的无沉积的涂层。在本发明的范围内也是利用这种浴来处理工件表面的方法。

9. 发明授权

US4717429A Process for the removal of alkali metal nitrite from nitrate containing salt baths 失效
标题翻译：从含硝酸盐盐浴中除去碱金属亚硝酸盐的方法
公开(公告)号：US4717429A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-05
申请号：US893513
申请日：1986-08-05
申请人： Helmut Kunst , Christian Scondo
发明人： Helmut Kunst , Christian Scondo
IPC分类号： C23C8/48 , C21D1/46 , C21D1/607 , C23C8/40 , C23C8/80
CPC分类号： C21D1/607 , C21D1/46 , C23C8/40
摘要： Undesired nitrites are formed during the treatment of salt bath nitrided structural components of iron and steel in nitrate containing cooling baths, and they must be removed from the washing water. The build-up of nitrites can be avoided by oxidizing the nitrite in the salt bath into nitrate by passing air into the cooling bath during off-times.
摘要翻译：在硝酸盐冷却浴中处理含有铁和钢的盐浴氮化结构部件时，形成不希望的亚硝酸盐，并且必须从洗涤水中除去。通过在关闭时间内将空气通入冷却槽，将盐浴中的亚硝酸盐氧化为硝酸盐可以避免亚硝酸盐的积聚。

10. 发明授权

US4536224A Salt bath for the currentless production of wear resistant boride layers 失效
标题翻译：盐浴用于无止境生产耐磨硼化物层
公开(公告)号：US4536224A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-20
申请号：US630302
申请日：1984-07-12
申请人： Hans-Hermann Beyer , Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Wolfgang Weber
发明人： Hans-Hermann Beyer , Ulrich Baudis , Peter Biberbach , Wolfgang Weber
IPC分类号： C23C8/42 , C23C8/40 , C23C18/02
CPC分类号： C23C8/40
摘要： There is described a salt bath based on an alkali and/or alkaline earth metal halide with which there can be produced without the use of current adherent and wear resistant boride coatings on metallic workpieces. This bath contains gaseous boron monofluoride or a compound from which there is formed intermediately boron monofluoride. Advantageous there is used a salt bath containing 30-60% BaCl.sub.2, 10-25% NaCl, 1-20% boron oxide or borate, 10-30% NaF, and 1-15% B.sub.4 C.
摘要翻译：描述了基于碱金属和/或碱土金属卤化物的盐浴，其可以在金属工件上不使用目前的粘附和耐磨的硼化物涂层来制备。该浴含有气态一氟化硼或形成中间一氟化硼的化合物。使用含有30-60％BaCl 2，10-25％NaCl，1-20％氧化硼或硼酸盐，10-30％NaF和1-15％B 4 C的盐浴。

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